Abstract
SUMMARY Mineral nitrogen (N) fertilization in cereals is commonly split into three or four applications. In order to simplify N fertilization, a single N application either broadcast or placed on the soil surface was compared to conventionally split fertilization for winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). The 4-year experiment (2007–2010) was performed using a participatory approach on farmers’ fields on deep loamy soils (Luvisols) in South-West Germany. Grain yield and crude protein contents differed only slightly or not at all between treatments including different N fertilizer types (calcium ammonium nitrate, urea ammonium nitrate solution, urea) and application techniques (broadcast, placed). Furthermore, no differences were found for the yield components ears/m 2 and thousand grain weight. Inorganic N in the soil profile after harvest was generally below 40 kg N/ha and did not differ between treatments. In the area where N was placed, mineral N was depleted during the vegetation period. At the experimental sites a single N application in the period between tillering and stem elongation was sufficient to achieve high yield and quality of winter wheat without increased risk of nitrate leaching. This finding was independent of the method of application or the type of fertilizer.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield and crude protein content of winter wheat differed only slightly or not at all between single and split N application.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- single N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Grain yield and crude protein contentse1
- Direction
- differed only slightly or not at alle1
- Comparator
- conventionally split fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single N application either broadcast or placed on the soil surface was compared to conventionally split fertilization for winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“Grain yield and crude protein contents differed only slightly or not at all between treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Ears per square metre and thousand grain weight of winter wheat showed no differences between single and split N application.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- single N applicatione0
- Outcome
- ears/m 2 and thousand grain weighte2
- Direction
- no differences were founde2
- Comparator
- conventionally split fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single N application either broadcast or placed on the soil surface was compared to conventionally split fertilization for winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“no differences were found for the yield components ears/m 2 and thousand grain weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Inorganic N in the soil profile after harvest was generally below 40 kg N/ha and did not differ between single and split N application.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- single N applicatione0
- Outcome
- Inorganic N in the soil profile after harveste3
- Direction
- did not differe3
- Value
- below 40 kg N/hae3
- Comparator
- conventionally split fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single N application either broadcast or placed on the soil surface was compared to conventionally split fertilization for winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“Inorganic N in the soil profile after harvest was generally below 40 kg N/ha and did not differ between treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Where N was placed, mineral N was depleted during the vegetation period of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N was placede4
- Outcome
- mineral Ne4
- Direction
- depletede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single N application either broadcast or placed on the soil surface was compared to conventionally split fertilization for winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
e4“In the area where N was placed, mineral N was depleted during the vegetation period”
Claim · model-written summary
A single N application between tillering and stem elongation was sufficient to achieve high yield and quality of winter wheat at the experimental sites.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- single N application in the period between tillering and stem elongatione5
- Outcome
- high yield and qualitye5
- Qualifier
- independent of the method of application or the type of fertilizere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“At the experimental sites a single N application in the period between tillering and stem elongation was sufficient to achieve high yield and quality of winter wheat without increased risk of nitrate leaching”
e6“This finding was independent of the method of application or the type of fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
A single N application between tillering and stem elongation of winter wheat did not increase the risk of nitrate leaching.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Treatment
- single N application in the period between tillering and stem elongatione5
- Outcome
- risk of nitrate leachinge5
- Qualifier
- without increasede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“At the experimental sites a single N application in the period between tillering and stem elongation was sufficient to achieve high yield and quality of winter wheat without increased risk of nitrate leaching”
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See all 2,061 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.