Abstract
Abstract Two‐year field trials with winter wheat in nine N‐fertilizer treatments were conducted in southern Bavaria to investigate the basis of yield stability and yield superiority of N‐fertilization strategies with emphasis on N‐application during stem elongation. In measurements of individual plants the contribution of mainstems and tillers to yield formation was examined. While grain yield showed only slight differences, significant differences between harvest indices were observed among the fertilizer treatments. High harvest indices were regularly recorded in low stand densities. Individual plant analysis proved that early N‐application led to high stand densities which intensified reduction processes during ear development. N‐fertilization with emphasis on stem elongation lessened reduction processes. Low yield of tillers was mainly attributed to a low grain number per ear. Differences in grain yield between mainstems and tillers could not be modified by means of N‐fertilizer treatment. Highest yields on mainstems as well as on tillers were recorded in N‐fertilizer treatment with emphasis on stem elongation. This study demonstrates that an excessive initiation of yield components causes an unproductive consumption of resources which is detrimental to yield formation. It is concluded that optimum N‐fertilizer treatment should aim at plant stands with strong individual plants which can be achieved by emphasis of N‐fertilization during stem elongation. The stimulation of the initiation of yield organs is of minor importance as compared to a decrease of reduction process.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of winter wheat differed only slightly among N-fertilizer treatments in southern Bavaria.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- fertilizer treatmentse3
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Setting
- southern Bavariae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“were conducted in southern Bavaria”
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e2“While grain yield showed only slight differences”
e3“significant differences between harvest indices were observed among the fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest index differed significantly among the N-fertilizer treatments of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- fertilizer treatmentse3
- Outcome
- harvest indicese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e3“significant differences between harvest indices were observed among the fertilizer treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
High harvest indices of winter wheat were regularly recorded in low stand densities.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- low stand densitiese4
- Outcome
- harvest indicese4
- Direction
- Highe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e4“High harvest indices were regularly recorded in low stand densities”
Claim · model-written summary
Early N-application led to high stand densities in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- early N‐applicatione5
- Outcome
- stand densitiese5
- Direction
- highe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e5“Individual plant analysis proved that early N‐application led to high stand densities which intensified reduction processes during ear development”
Claim · model-written summary
Early N-application intensified reduction processes during ear development in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- eare5
- Treatment
- early N‐applicatione5
- Outcome
- reduction processes during ear developmente5
- Direction
- intensifiede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e5“Individual plant analysis proved that early N‐application led to high stand densities which intensified reduction processes during ear development”
Claim · model-written summary
N-fertilization with emphasis on stem elongation lessened reduction processes in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N‐fertilization with emphasis on stem elongatione6
- Outcome
- reduction processese6
- Direction
- lessenede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e6“N‐fertilization with emphasis on stem elongation lessened reduction processes”
Claim · model-written summary
Low yield of tillers in winter wheat is mainly attributed to a low grain number per ear.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- yield of tillerse7
- Qualifier
- low grain number per eare7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e7“Low yield of tillers was mainly attributed to a low grain number per ear”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences in grain yield between mainstems and tillers of winter wheat could not be modified by N-fertilizer treatment.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- mainstems and tillerse0
- Treatment
- N‐fertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- Differences in grain yield between mainstems and tillerse0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e0“Differences in grain yield between mainstems and tillers could not be modified by means of N‐fertilizer treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest yields on mainstems and tillers of winter wheat were recorded in N-fertilizer treatment with emphasis on stem elongation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N‐fertilizer treatment with emphasis on stem elongatione0
- Outcome
- yields on mainstems as well as on tillerse0
- Direction
- Higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e0“Highest yields on mainstems as well as on tillers were recorded in N‐fertilizer treatment with emphasis on stem elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
An excessive initiation of yield components causes unproductive resource consumption that is detrimental to yield formation in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- yield formatione0
- Qualifier
- an excessive initiation of yield components causes an unproductive consumption of resourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e0“an excessive initiation of yield components causes an unproductive consumption of resources which is detrimental to yield formation”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimum N-fertilizer treatment should aim at winter wheat plant stands with strong individual plants.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- plant stands with strong individual plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e0“optimum N‐fertilizer treatment should aim at plant stands with strong individual plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Stimulation of the initiation of yield organs is of minor importance compared with a decrease of reduction processes in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- initiation of yield organse0
- Qualifier
- minor importance as compared to a decrease of reduction processe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“field trials with winter wheat”
e0“The stimulation of the initiation of yield organs is of minor importance as compared to a decrease of reduction process”
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