Paper · 1990 · Journal of Economic Entomology

Pesticides and Cotton: Effect on Photosynthesis, Growth, and Fruiting

R. R. Youngman; T. F. Leigh; T. A. Kerby; et al.

9
claims
36
verbatim quotes
23
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. There was a strong tendency in the 1972 study toward less boll retention in plots treated “season-long” with methyl parathion at all test sites, as well as a significant reduction in the weight of lint cotton at one site. In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms. None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Season-long methyl parathion tended to reduce boll retention in 1972 at all sites.

Material
Acala SJ-2e1
Treatment
“season-long” with methyl parathione0
Outcome
boll retentione0
Direction
lesse0
Qualifier
at all test sitese0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“There was a strong tendency in the 1972 study toward less boll retention in plots treated “season-long” with methyl parathion at all test sites, as well as a significant reduction in the weight of lint cotton at one site.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 221–442 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Season-long methyl parathion significantly reduced lint cotton weight at one site in 1972.

Treatment
“season-long” with methyl parathione0
Outcome
weight of lint cottone0
Direction
reductione0
Qualifier
at one sitee0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“There was a strong tendency in the 1972 study toward less boll retention in plots treated “season-long” with methyl parathion at all test sites, as well as a significant reduction in the weight of lint cotton at one site.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 221–442 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Four weekly methyl parathion applications significantly reduced mesophyll conductance.

Treatment
four weekly applications of methyl parathione0
Outcome
mesophyll conductancee0
Direction
reducede0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–755 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Four weekly methyl parathion applications significantly reduced boll retention.

Treatment
four weekly applications of methyl parathione0
Outcome
boll retentione0
Direction
reducede0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–755 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Four weekly methyl parathion applications significantly reduced mature and open boll numbers.

Treatment
four weekly applications of methyl parathione0
Outcome
number of mature and open bolls per plante0
Direction
reducede0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–755 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Four weekly methyl parathion applications significantly reduced first position boll numbers.

Treatment
four weekly applications of methyl parathione0
Outcome
number of first position bolls per plante0
Direction
reducede0
Qualifier
on mainstem nodes 5-7e0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–755 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Four weekly methyl parathion applications significantly reduced lint weight at harvest.

Treatment
four weekly applications of methyl parathione0
Outcome
weight of lint cotton at harveste0
Direction
reducede0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–755 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Four weekly methyl parathion applications significantly reduced dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.

Treatment
four weekly applications of methyl parathione0
Outcome
dry weight accumulation of fruiting formse0
Direction
reducede0
Comparator
controle2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In the 1986 study, four weekly applications of methyl parathion significantly reduced mesophyll conductance, boll retention, number of mature and open bolls per plant, number of first position bolls per plant on mainstem nodes 5-7, weight of lint cotton at harvest, and dry weight accumulation of fruiting forms.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–755 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Other pesticides including chlordimeform did not significantly increase any plant growth parameter in 1986.

Treatment
chlordimeforme0
Outcome
any plant growth parametere0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 15–21 · show in text ↑
e1

“Field studies were conducted in 1972 and 1986 to determine the effect of selected, commercial insecticides and acaricides (pesticides) on growth, fruiting patterns, and yield of ‘Acala SJ-2’ cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–220 · show in text ↑
e2

“None of the other pesticides tested in the 1986 study, including chlordimeform, significantly increased any plant growth parameter when compared with the control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 756–918 · show in text ↑

parathion-methyl · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ

4 papers: 2 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect
See all 4 papers →

parathion-methyl · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

climate site · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 1 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.