Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of chickpea, Cicer arietinum cv. T-3 to nickel and cobalt at 0, 10, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm concentrations. The bacterized seeds of chickpea were sown in 15 cm clay pots containing 1.5 kg steam sterilized soil. Before the sowing 550 ml metal solution of different concentrations was added per pot. Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea. Seed germination, plant growth and biomass production were adversely affected. Root nodulation was suppressed and number of functional nodules appreciably decreased. Leaf chlorophyll contents were greatly reduced. These adverse impacts reflected in reduced yield of the plants. Nickel was apparently more harmful than cobalt to chickpea. The study suggests that cultivation of crops like chickpea in metal polluted soils should be avoided or appropriate control measures be adopted to maintain the heavy metal content of the soil below the damage threshold levels, which was found to be 10 ppm Ni and 50 ppm Co for chickpea.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
High nickel and cobalt concentrations injured chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte0
- Outcome
- chickpeae0
- Direction
- injuriouse0
- Qualifier
- higher concentrations (100-400 ppm)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
High metal concentrations reduced chickpea seed germination.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte0
- Outcome
- Seed germinatione0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
- Qualifier
- higher concentrations (100-400 ppm)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea. Seed germination, plant growth and biomass production were adversely affected”
Claim · model-written summary
High metal concentrations reduced chickpea plant growth.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
- Qualifier
- higher concentrations (100-400 ppm)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea. Seed germination, plant growth and biomass production were adversely affected”
Claim · model-written summary
High metal concentrations reduced chickpea biomass production.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte0
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- adversely affectede0
- Qualifier
- higher concentrations (100-400 ppm)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea. Seed germination, plant growth and biomass production were adversely affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Root nodulation was suppressed.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte1
- Outcome
- Root nodulatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root nodulation was suppressed and number of functional nodules appreciably decreased”
t0“Chickpea”
e1“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional nodule count declined.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte1
- Outcome
- number of functional nodulese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root nodulation was suppressed and number of functional nodules appreciably decreased”
t0“Chickpea”
e1“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf chlorophyll content declined.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte1
- Outcome
- Leaf chlorophyll contentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf chlorophyll contents were greatly reduced”
t0“Chickpea”
e1“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea yield declined.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Nickel and cobalte1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These adverse impacts reflected in reduced yield of the plants”
t0“Chickpea”
e1“Nickel and cobalt at the higher concentrations (100-400 ppm) were found injurious to chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel was apparently more harmful than cobalt to chickpea.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Nickele0
- Outcome
- harmfule0
- Direction
- more harmfule0
- Comparator
- cobalte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nickel was apparently more harmful than cobalt to chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The estimated damage threshold was 10 ppm Ni.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- damage threshold levelse0
- Value
- 10 ppm Nie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the damage threshold levels, which was found to be 10 ppm Ni and 50 ppm Co for chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The estimated damage threshold was 50 ppm Co.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- damage threshold levelse0
- Value
- 50 ppm Coe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the damage threshold levels, which was found to be 10 ppm Ni and 50 ppm Co for chickpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise avoiding chickpea cultivation on metal polluted soils or controlling soil metal below damage thresholds.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- cultivation of crops like chickpea in metal polluted soils should be avoided or appropriate control measures be adoptede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cultivation of crops like chickpea in metal polluted soils should be avoided or appropriate control measures be adopted to maintain the heavy metal content of the soil below the damage threshold levels”
The same questions in other papers
cobalt atom · symbiosis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
nickel atom · physiology: pigments · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
cobalt atom · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
cobalt atom · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
nickel atom · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
cobalt atom · organism · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
nickel atom · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.