Abstract
Abstract Jojoba [ Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider] plantations in Israel originated from vegetative propagation, planted during 1991–92, have shown symptoms of wilting and subsequent death. Verticillium dahliae was only rarely isolated from these plants and artificial inoculation showed only mild disease symptoms. Fusarium oxysporum caused severe chlorosis, desiccation, defoliation and wilt in leaves of jojoba plants, resulting in plant death. Recovery of the fungus from artificially inoculated stem cuttings and seedlings showed for the first time that F. oxysporum was the primary pathogen. Inoculated cuttings exhibited wilt within 3 weeks, while in seedlings wilt occurred 10–24 weeks after inoculation. Seedlings and cuttings of jojoba which were inoculated with other Fusarium isolates originating from different crops ( F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum from cotton, F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi from carnation, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici from tomato and F. oxysporum f. sp. basilicum from basil) did not develop symptoms. Moreover, cotton, tomato, melon and cucumber seedlings inoculated with several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojoba did not show any symptoms of wilt or defoliation. These results indicate a high degree of specificity of the Fusarium isolates from jojoba; therefore, it is suggested that this isolate be defined as F. oxysporum f. sp. simmondsia .
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium oxysporum caused chlorosis, desiccation, defoliation and wilt in jojoba leaves, resulting in plant death.
- Taxon
- jojoba
Simmondsia chinensise0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Outcome
- chlorosis, desiccation, defoliation and wilte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Fusarium oxysporum caused severe chlorosis, desiccation, defoliation and wilt in leaves of jojoba plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium oxysporum was the primary pathogen of jojoba in artificially inoculated cuttings and seedlings.
- Taxon
- JojobaSimmondsia chinensist0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- primary pathogene1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Causes Wilt of Jojoba”
e1“Recovery of the fungus from artificially inoculated stem cuttings and seedlings showed for the first time that F. oxysporum was the primary pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated jojoba cuttings exhibited wilt within 3 weeks.
- Taxon
- JojobaSimmondsia chinensist0
- Outcome
- exhibited wilte2
- Value
- within 3 weekse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Causes Wilt of Jojoba”
e2“Inoculated cuttings exhibited wilt within 3 weeks”
Claim · model-written summary
Jojoba seedlings wilted 10–24 weeks after inoculation.
- Taxon
- JojobaSimmondsia chinensist0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse3
- Outcome
- wilte3
- Value
- 10–24 weekse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Causes Wilt of Jojoba”
e3“in seedlings wilt occurred 10–24 weeks after inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Jojoba seedlings and cuttings inoculated with other Fusarium isolates did not develop symptoms.
- Taxon
- JojobaSimmondsia chinensist0
- Treatment
- other Fusarium isolates originating from different cropse4
- Outcome
- symptomse5
- Direction
- did not develope5
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Causes Wilt of Jojoba”
e4“Seedlings and cuttings of jojoba which were inoculated with other Fusarium isolates originating from different crops”
e5“did not develop symptoms”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton seedlings inoculated with jojoba isolates of F. oxysporum showed no symptoms.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume6 - Treatment
- several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojobae6
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume6pathogen
- Outcome
- symptoms of wilt or defoliatione6
- Direction
- did not showe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“cotton, tomato, melon and cucumber seedlings inoculated with several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojoba did not show any symptoms of wilt or defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato seedlings inoculated with jojoba isolates of F. oxysporum showed no symptoms.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume6 - Treatment
- several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojobae6
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume6pathogen
- Outcome
- symptoms of wilt or defoliatione6
- Direction
- did not showe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“cotton, tomato, melon and cucumber seedlings inoculated with several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojoba did not show any symptoms of wilt or defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Melon seedlings inoculated with jojoba isolates of F. oxysporum showed no symptoms.
- Taxon
- melon
.jpg?width=60)
Cucumis meloe6 - Treatment
- several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojobae6
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume6pathogen
- Outcome
- symptoms of wilt or defoliatione6
- Direction
- did not showe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e6“cotton, tomato, melon and cucumber seedlings inoculated with several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojoba did not show any symptoms of wilt or defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucumber seedlings inoculated with jojoba isolates of F. oxysporum showed no symptoms.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse6 - Treatment
- several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojobae6
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume6pathogen
- Outcome
- symptoms of wilt or defoliatione6
- Direction
- did not showe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“cotton, tomato, melon and cucumber seedlings inoculated with several virulent F. oxysporum isolates from jojoba did not show any symptoms of wilt or defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
The jojoba isolate should be defined as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. simmondsia.
- Taxon
- JojobaSimmondsia chinensist0
- Outcome
- defined as F. oxysporum f. sp. simmondsiae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Causes Wilt of Jojoba”
e7“suggested that this isolate be defined as F. oxysporum f. sp. simmondsia”
The same questions in other papers
Simmondsia chinensis · disease · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Fusarium oxysporum · disease · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Fusarium oxysporum · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Fusarium oxysporum · disease · Cucumis melo (muskmelon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.