Abstract
Coronatine (COR)-producing pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae, including pvs. tomato, maculicola, and glycinea, cause important diseases on tomato, crucifers, and soybean, respectively, and produce symptoms with necrotic lesions surrounded by chlorosis. The chlorosis is mainly attributed to COR. However, the significance of COR-induced chlorosis in localized lesion development and the molecular basis of disease-associated cell death is largely unknown. To identify host (chloroplast) genes that play a role in COR-mediated chlorosis, we used a forward genetics approach using Nicotiana benthamiana and virus-induced gene silencing and identified a gene which encodes 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prxs) that, when silenced, produced a spreading hypersensitive or necrosis-like phenotype instead of chlorosis after COR application in a COI1-dependent manner. Loss-of-function analysis of Prx and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC), the central players of a chloroplast redox detoxification system, resulted in spreading accelerated P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 disease-associated cell death with enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in a COR-dependent manner in tomato and Arabidopsis. Consistent with these results, virulent strain DC3000 suppressed the expression of Prx and NTRC in Arabidopsis and tomato during pathogenesis. However, interestingly, authentic COR suppressed the expression of Prx and NTRC in tomato but not in Arabidopsis, suggesting that COR in conjunction with other effectors may modulate ROS and cell death in different host species. Taken together, these results indicated that NTRC or Prx function as a negative regulator of pathogen-induced cell death in the healthy tissues that surround the lesions, and COR-induced chloroplast-localized ROS play a role in enhancing the disease-associated cell death.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing 2-Cys peroxiredoxin in Nicotiana benthamiana caused spreading necrosis like symptoms instead of chlorosis after coronatine application.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- when silencede0
- Gene
- 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prxs)e0
- Outcome
- spreading hypersensitive or necrosis-like phenotypee0
- Direction
- instead ofe0
- Comparator
- chlorosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using Nicotiana benthamiana and virus-induced gene silencing and identified a gene which encodes 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (Prxs) that, when silenced, produced a spreading hypersensitive or necrosis-like phenotype instead of chlorosis after COR application in a COI1-dependent manner.”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of Prx and NTRC accelerated disease associated cell death in tomato and Arabidopsis after DC3000 infection.
- Taxon
- tomato and Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Loss-of-functione0
- Interactor
- P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen - Gene
- Prx and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC)e0
- Outcome
- disease-associated cell deathe0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Loss-of-function analysis of Prx and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC), the central players of a chloroplast redox detoxification system, resulted in spreading accelerated P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 disease-associated cell death with enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in a COR-dependent manner in tomato and Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of Prx and NTRC enhanced ROS accumulation in infected tomato and Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- tomato and ArabidopsisArabidopsisSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Loss-of-functione0
- Interactor
- P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen
- Gene
- Prx and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC)e0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Loss-of-function analysis of Prx and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC), the central players of a chloroplast redox detoxification system, resulted in spreading accelerated P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 disease-associated cell death with enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in a COR-dependent manner in tomato and Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Virulent DC3000 suppressed Prx and NTRC expression in Arabidopsis and tomato during infection.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis and tomatoArabidopsisSolanum lycopersicume0
- Interactor
- DC3000e0pathogen
- Gene
- Prx and NTRCe0
- Outcome
- expression of Prx and NTRCe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“virulent strain DC3000 suppressed the expression of Prx and NTRC in Arabidopsis and tomato during pathogenesis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Coronatine suppressed Prx and NTRC expression in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- authentic CORe0
- Gene
- Prx and NTRCe0
- Outcome
- expression of Prx and NTRCe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“authentic COR suppressed the expression of Prx and NTRC in tomato but not in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Coronatine did not suppress Prx and NTRC expression in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- authentic CORe0
- Gene
- Prx and NTRCe0
- Outcome
- expression of Prx and NTRCe0
- Direction
- note0
- Comparator
- tomatoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“authentic COR suppressed the expression of Prx and NTRC in tomato but not in Arabidopsis”
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See all 143 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.