Abstract
The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains (CBDs) belonging to the Carbohydrate Binding Module1 family, which is found almost exclusively in fungi. The mechanism by which CBEL is perceived by the host plant remains unknown. The role of CBDs in eliciting activity was investigated using modified versions of the protein produced in Escherichia coli or synthesized in planta through the potato virus X expression system. Recombinant CBEL produced by E. coli elicited necrotic lesions and defense gene expression when injected into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves. CBEL production in planta induced necrosis. Site-directed mutagenesis on aromatic amino acid residues located within the CBDs as well as leaf infiltration assays using mutated and truncated recombinant proteins confirmed the importance of intact CBDs to induce defense responses. Tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana leaf infiltration assays using synthetic peptides showed that the CBDs of CBEL are essential and sufficient to stimulate defense responses. Moreover, CBEL elicits a transient variation of cytosolic calcium levels in tobacco cells but not in protoplasts. These results define CBDs as a novel class of molecular patterns in oomycetes that are targeted by the innate immune system of plants and might act through interaction with the cell wall.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Injected recombinant CBEL elicited necrotic lesions and defense gene expression in tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Recombinant CBELe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae
Phytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen - Outcome
- necrotic lesions and defense gene expressione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recombinant CBEL produced by E. coli elicited necrotic lesions and defense gene expression when injected into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves.”
e1“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
Claim · model-written summary
In planta CBEL production induced necrosis.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- CBEL production in plantae0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- necrosise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CBEL production in planta induced necrosis.”
e1“Recombinant CBEL produced by E. coli elicited necrotic lesions and defense gene expression when injected into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves.”
e2“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
Claim · model-written summary
Intact CBEL cellulose-binding domains were important for defense induction.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee2pathogen
- Gene
- CBDse0
- Outcome
- defense responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Site-directed mutagenesis on aromatic amino acid residues located within the CBDs as well as leaf infiltration assays using mutated and truncated recombinant proteins confirmed the importance of intact CBDs to induce defense responses.”
e1“Recombinant CBEL produced by E. coli elicited necrotic lesions and defense gene expression when injected into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves.”
e2“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
Claim · model-written summary
Synthetic-peptide assays showed CBEL domains were essential and sufficient for Tobacco defense responses.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen
- Gene
- CBDs of CBELe0
- Outcome
- defense responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana leaf infiltration assays using synthetic peptides showed that the CBDs of CBEL are essential and sufficient to stimulate defense responses.”
e1“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
Claim · model-written summary
Synthetic-peptide assays showed CBEL domains were essential and sufficient for Arabidopsis thaliana defense responses.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen
- Gene
- CBDs of CBELe0
- Outcome
- defense responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana leaf infiltration assays using synthetic peptides showed that the CBDs of CBEL are essential and sufficient to stimulate defense responses.”
e1“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
Claim · model-written summary
CBEL elicited transient cytosolic calcium changes in tobacco cells.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- CBELe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- cytosolic calcium levelse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, CBEL elicits a transient variation of cytosolic calcium levels in tobacco cells but not in protoplasts.”
e1“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
Claim · model-written summary
CBEL did not elicit transient cytosolic calcium changes in tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Organ / stage
- protoplastse0
- Treatment
- CBELe0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora parasitica nicotianaePhytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- cytosolic calcium levelse0
- Direction
- not in protoplastse0
- Comparator
- tobacco cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, CBEL elicits a transient variation of cytosolic calcium levels in tobacco cells but not in protoplasts.”
e1“The cellulose binding elicitor lectin (CBEL) from Phytophthora parasitica nicotianae contains two cellulose binding domains”
The same questions in other papers
resistance inducer · Phytophthora nicotianae · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.