Abstract
SUMMARY Tobacco mesophyll protoplasts were successfully inoculated with tobacco necrotic dwarf virus (TNDV), a virus closely related to potato leafroll virus. The optimum conditions for infection as assessed by staining with fluorescent antibody to virus particles were 1 µg/ml TNDV, 1 µg/ml poly-l-ornithine, 0.025 m-phosphate buffer, pH 5.4, and 1 to 2 × 105/ml protoplasts: this combination resulted in 70 to 80% infection. Accumulation of virus antigen was first detected 12 h after inoculation, and both the number of fluorescing protoplasts and intensity of fluorescence increased markedly during the following 20 h. Virus antigen was distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Electron microscopy of thin sections revealed groups of virus-like particles in the cytoplasm and a few similar particles in the nucleus. Virus yield was estimated to be 7.8 × 105 particles per infected protoplast at 30 h after inoculation. Accumulation of virus antigen was completely inhibited by cycloheximide, but was not affected by actinomycin D or chloramphenicol, when they were applied 2 h after inoculation. Studies on the replication of aphidborne, phloem-limited viruses should be greatly facilitated by using the mesophyll protoplast system.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco mesophyll protoplasts were infected with tobacco necrotic dwarf virus.
- Taxon
- Tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Organ / stage
- mesophyll protoplastse0
- Interactor
- tobacco necrotic dwarf virusTobacco necrotic dwarf viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- successfully inoculatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tobacco mesophyll protoplasts were successfully inoculated with tobacco necrotic dwarf virus (TNDV)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized inoculation conditions yielded 70 to 80% infection of tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- Mesophyll Protoplastst0
- Treatment
- 1 µg/ml TNDV, 1 µg/ml poly-l-ornithine, 0.025 m-phosphate buffer, pH 5.4e0
- Interactor
- TNDVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- infectione0
- Value
- 70 to 80%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimum conditions for infection as assessed by staining with fluorescent antibody to virus particles were 1 µg/ml TNDV, 1 µg/ml poly-l-ornithine, 0.025 m-phosphate buffer, pH 5.4, and 1 to 2 × 105/ml protoplasts: this combination resulted in 70 to 80% infection”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus antigen first appeared at 12 h after inoculation in tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- virus antigene0
- Qualifier
- 12 h after inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of virus antigen was first detected 12 h after inoculation”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of fluorescing tobacco protoplasts increased during the next 20 h.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- number of fluorescing protoplastse0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
- Qualifier
- during the following 20 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the number of fluorescing protoplasts and intensity of fluorescence increased markedly during the following 20 h”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluorescence intensity increased during the next 20 h in tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- intensity of fluorescencee0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both the number of fluorescing protoplasts and intensity of fluorescence increased markedly during the following 20 h”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus antigen was found throughout the cytoplasm of tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- cytoplasme0
- Outcome
- Virus antigen was distributed throughout the cytoplasme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Virus antigen was distributed throughout the cytoplasm”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus-like particles appeared in the cytoplasm and nucleus of tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- virus-like particles in the cytoplasm and a few similar particles in the nucleuse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electron microscopy of thin sections revealed groups of virus-like particles in the cytoplasm and a few similar particles in the nucleus”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus yield was estimated at 7.8 × 105 particles per infected tobacco protoplast 30 h after inoculation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- Virus yielde0
- Value
- 7.8 × 105 particles per infected protoplaste0
- Qualifier
- 30 h after inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Virus yield was estimated to be 7.8 × 105 particles per infected protoplast at 30 h after inoculation”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Cycloheximide completely inhibited virus antigen accumulation in tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- cycloheximidee0
- Outcome
- Accumulation of virus antigene0
- Direction
- completely inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of virus antigen was completely inhibited by cycloheximide”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Actinomycin D did not affect virus antigen accumulation in tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- actinomycin De0
- Outcome
- Accumulation of virus antigene0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of virus antigen was completely inhibited by cycloheximide, but was not affected by actinomycin D or chloramphenicol, when they were applied 2 h after inoculation”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloramphenicol did not affect virus antigen accumulation in tobacco protoplasts.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- chloramphenicole0
- Outcome
- Accumulation of virus antigene0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of virus antigen was completely inhibited by cycloheximide, but was not affected by actinomycin D or chloramphenicol, when they were applied 2 h after inoculation”
t0“Tobacco Mesophyll Protoplasts”
The same questions in other papers
cycloheximide · molecular: metabolites · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →chloramphenicol · molecular: metabolites · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
actinomycin D · molecular: metabolites · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.