Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a putative signal that activates plant resistance to pathogens. SA levels increase systemically following the hypersensitive response produced by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi-nc) leaves. The SA increase in the inoculated leaf coincided with the appearance of a [beta]-glucosidase-hydrolyzable SA conjugate identified as [beta]-O-D-glucosylsalicylic acid (GSA). SA and GSA accumulation in the TMV-inoculated leaf paralleled the increase in the activity of a UDP-glucose:salicylic acid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.35) ([beta]-GTase) capable of converting SA to GSA. Healthy tissues had constitutive [beta]-GTase activity of 0.076 milliunits g-1 fresh weight. This activity started to increase 48 h after TMV inoculation, reaching its maximum (6.7-fold induction over the basal levels) 72 h after TMV inoculation. No significant GSA or elevated [beta]-Gtase activity could be detected in the healthy leaf immediately above the TMV-inoculated leaf. The effect of TMV inoculation on the [beta]-GTase and GSA accumulation could be duplicated by infiltrating tobacco leaf discs with SA at the levels naturally produced in TMV-inoculated leaves (2.7-27.0 [mu]g g-1 fresh weight). Pretreatment of leaf discs with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide inhibited the induction of [beta]-GTase by SA and prevented the formation of GSA. Of 12 analogs of SA tested, only 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid induced [beta]-GTase activity.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
SA levels increased systemically after TMV-induced hypersensitive response in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Material
- Xanthi-nce0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
Tobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- SA levelse0
- Direction
- increase systemicallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA levels increase systemically following the hypersensitive response produced by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inoculation of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi-nc) leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
SA increase in inoculated leaves coincided with GSA appearance.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- inoculated leafe0
- Compound
- SAe0
- Outcome
- appearance of a [beta]-glucosidase-hydrolyzable SA conjugatee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SA increase in the inoculated leaf coincided with the appearance of a [beta]-glucosidase-hydrolyzable SA conjugate identified as [beta]-O-D-glucosylsalicylic acid (GSA).”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
The SA conjugate was identified as GSA.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- [beta]-O-D-glucosylsalicylic acid (GSA)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a [beta]-glucosidase-hydrolyzable SA conjugate identified as [beta]-O-D-glucosylsalicylic acid (GSA)”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
SA and GSA accumulation paralleled glucosyltransferase activity in inoculated leaves.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- UDP-glucose:salicylic acid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.35) ([beta]-GTase)e0
- Outcome
- SA and GSA accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA and GSA accumulation in the TMV-inoculated leaf paralleled the increase in the activity of a UDP-glucose:salicylic acid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.35) ([beta]-GTase) capable of converting SA to GSA.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Healthy tissues had constitutive glucosyltransferase activity of 0.076 milliunits g-1 fresh weight.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- Healthy tissuese0
- Gene
- [beta]-GTasee0
- Outcome
- [beta]-GTase activitye0
- Value
- 0.076 milliunits g-1 fresh weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Healthy tissues had constitutive [beta]-GTase activity of 0.076 milliunits g-1 fresh weight.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucosyltransferase activity rose after TMV inoculation, peaking at 6.7-fold basal activity at 72 h.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- TMV inoculatione0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 6.7-folde0
- Qualifier
- 72 h after TMV inoculatione0
- Comparator
- basal levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This activity started to increase 48 h after TMV inoculation, reaching its maximum (6.7-fold induction over the basal levels) 72 h after TMV inoculation.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Healthy leaves above inoculated leaves had no significant GSA or elevated glucosyltransferase activity.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- healthy leaf immediately above the TMV-inoculated leafe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- GSA or elevated [beta]-Gtase activitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant GSA or elevated [beta]-Gtase activity could be detected in the healthy leaf immediately above the TMV-inoculated leaf.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
SA infiltration of tobacco leaf discs duplicated the TMV effect on glucosyltransferase activity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- infiltrating tobacco leaf discs with SAe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- [beta]-GTasee0
- Direction
- duplicatede0
- Value
- 2.7-27.0 [mu]g g-1 fresh weighte0
- Comparator
- TMV inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of TMV inoculation on the [beta]-GTase and GSA accumulation could be duplicated by infiltrating tobacco leaf discs with SA at the levels naturally produced in TMV-inoculated leaves (2.7-27.0 [mu]g g-1 fresh weight).”
Claim · model-written summary
SA infiltration duplicated the TMV effect on GSA accumulation.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- infiltrating tobacco leaf discs with SAe0
- Interactor
- TMVTobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- GSA accumulatione0
- Direction
- duplicatede0
- Comparator
- TMV inoculatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of TMV inoculation on the [beta]-GTase and GSA accumulation could be duplicated by infiltrating tobacco leaf discs with SA at the levels naturally produced in TMV-inoculated leaves (2.7-27.0 [mu]g g-1 fresh weight).”
Claim · model-written summary
Cycloheximide pretreatment inhibited SA induction of glucosyltransferase.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Pretreatment of leaf discs with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximidee0
- Gene
- [beta]-GTasee0
- Outcome
- induction of [beta]-GTasee0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretreatment of leaf discs with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide inhibited the induction of [beta]-GTase by SA and prevented the formation of GSA.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Cycloheximide pretreatment prevented GSA formation.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Pretreatment of leaf discs with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximidee0
- Outcome
- formation of GSAe0
- Direction
- preventede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretreatment of leaf discs with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide inhibited the induction of [beta]-GTase by SA and prevented the formation of GSA.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Among 12 SA analogs, only 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid induced glucosyltransferase activity.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acide0
- Outcome
- [beta]-GTase activitye0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Comparator
- 12 analogs of SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Of 12 analogs of SA tested, only 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid induced [beta]-GTase activity.”
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Leaves”
The same questions in other papers
cycloheximide · molecular: metabolites · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 12 papers →(1S)-isoindoline-1-carboxylic acid · molecular: metabolites · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
inoculation · Tobacco mosaic virus · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 48 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.