Abstract
Abstract The effect of a thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus ( TSWV ) on insect–host interactions between thrips and Arabidopsis thaliana was analysed. A wild‐type TSWV virulent isolate and a TSWV isolate that induces mild symptoms on inoculated plants ( TSWV ‐Mo) were used in this study, and TSWV ‐Mo isolate was obtained by single local lesion isolation using Petunia x hybrid after several passages on Nicotiana rustica plants. In transmission test, although wild‐type TSWV ( TSWV ‐wt) was transmitted by two thrips species (transmission ratio; Frankliniella occidentalis , 25%; Thrips tabaci , 10%; and T. palmi , 0%), none of the thrips transmitted TSWV ‐Mo. Feeding damage by F. occidentalis in A. thaliana plants was more extensive on TSWV ‐wt‐infected plants than on TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants, despite comparable preference. Among the markers of plant defences, salicylic acid‐regulated genes were upregulated threefold to sixfold by TSWV ‐wt or TSWV ‐Mo infection. In contrast, jasmonate‐regulated genes and jasmonate/ethylene‐regulated genes were not affected by the infections. Pull assays showed that adjacent TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants were preferred over uninfected plants. In conclusion, our results showed that the transmissibility by thrips of TSWV is not related to preference of vector thrips and suggested that TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants may be used as attractants for behaviour control of thrips.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type TSWV was transmitted by Frankliniella occidentalis at 25%.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Interactor
- Frankliniella occidentalis
Frankliniella occidentalise0pest - Second interactor
- TSWV ‐wte0pathogen
- Outcome
- transmission ratioe0
- Value
- 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wild‐type TSWV ( TSWV ‐wt) was transmitted by two thrips species (transmission ratio; Frankliniella occidentalis , 25%; Thrips tabaci , 10%; and T. palmi , 0%)”
t0“Preference of the vector thrips Frankliniella occidentalis for plants infected with thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus”
e1“The effect of a thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus ( TSWV ) on insect–host interactions between thrips and Arabidopsis thaliana was analysed”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type TSWV was transmitted by Thrips tabaci at 10%.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Interactor
- Thrips tabaci
Thrips tabacie0pest - Second interactor
- TSWV ‐wte0pathogen
- Outcome
- transmission ratioe0
- Value
- 10%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wild‐type TSWV ( TSWV ‐wt) was transmitted by two thrips species (transmission ratio; Frankliniella occidentalis , 25%; Thrips tabaci , 10%; and T. palmi , 0%)”
t0“plants infected with thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-type TSWV transmission by T. palmi was 0%.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Interactor
- T. palmi
Thrips palmie0pest - Outcome
- transmission ratioe0
- Value
- 0%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wild‐type TSWV ( TSWV ‐wt) was transmitted by two thrips species (transmission ratio; Frankliniella occidentalis , 25%; Thrips tabaci , 10%; and T. palmi , 0%)”
e1“The effect of a thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus ( TSWV ) on insect–host interactions between thrips and Arabidopsis thaliana was analysed”
Claim · model-written summary
None of the thrips transmitted TSWV-Mo.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Second interactor
- TSWV ‐Moe0pathogen
- Outcome
- none of the thrips transmitted TSWV ‐Moe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“none of the thrips transmitted TSWV ‐Mo”
t0“Preference of the vector thrips Frankliniella occidentalis for plants infected with thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus”
e1“The effect of a thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus ( TSWV ) on insect–host interactions between thrips and Arabidopsis thaliana was analysed”
Claim · model-written summary
Frankliniella occidentalis feeding damage was more extensive on TSWV-wt-infected Arabidopsis than on TSWV-Mo-infected plants.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- TSWV ‐wt‐infected plantse0
- Interactor
- F. occidentalisFrankliniella occidentalise0pest
- Outcome
- Feeding damagee0
- Direction
- more extensivee0
- Comparator
- TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding damage by F. occidentalis in A. thaliana plants was more extensive on TSWV ‐wt‐infected plants than on TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants, despite comparable preference”
Claim · model-written summary
F. occidentalis preference was comparable between TSWV-wt and TSWV-Mo infected plants.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- TSWV ‐wt‐infected plantse0
- Interactor
- F. occidentalisFrankliniella occidentalise0pest
- Outcome
- preferencee0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Feeding damage by F. occidentalis in A. thaliana plants was more extensive on TSWV ‐wt‐infected plants than on TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants, despite comparable preference”
Claim · model-written summary
Either TSWV isolate upregulated salicylic acid-regulated defence genes threefold to sixfold.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- TSWV ‐wt or TSWV ‐Mo infectione0
- Gene
- salicylic acid‐regulated genese0
- Outcome
- salicylic acid‐regulated genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
- Value
- threefold to sixfolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid‐regulated genes were upregulated threefold to sixfold by TSWV ‐wt or TSWV ‐Mo infection”
t0“Preference of the vector thrips Frankliniella occidentalis for plants infected with thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus”
e1“The effect of a thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus ( TSWV ) on insect–host interactions between thrips and Arabidopsis thaliana was analysed”
Claim · model-written summary
The infections did not affect jasmonate-regulated or jasmonate/ethylene-regulated genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Treatment
- the infectionse0
- Outcome
- jasmonate‐regulated genes and jasmonate/ethylene‐regulated genese0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“jasmonate‐regulated genes and jasmonate/ethylene‐regulated genes were not affected by the infections”
t0“Preference of the vector thrips Frankliniella occidentalis for plants infected with thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus”
e1“The effect of a thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus ( TSWV ) on insect–host interactions between thrips and Arabidopsis thaliana was analysed”
Claim · model-written summary
Thrips preferred adjacent TSWV-Mo-infected plants over uninfected plants.
Verbatim
e0“adjacent TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants were preferred over uninfected plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors found TSWV transmissibility by thrips unrelated to vector preference.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Outcome
- transmissibility by thrips of TSWVe0
- Direction
- not relatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transmissibility by thrips of TSWV is not related to preference of vector thrips”
t0“plants infected with thrips‐non‐transmissible Tomato spotted wilt virus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest TSWV-Mo-infected plants as attractants to control thrips behaviour.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Outcome
- used as attractants for behaviour control of thripse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TSWV ‐Mo‐infected plants may be used as attractants for behaviour control of thrips”
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