Abstract
Protein N-glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in the Golgi apparatus is an essential process in eukaryotic cells. Although the N-glycosylation pathway in the ER has been shown to regulate protein quality control, salt tolerance, and cellulose biosynthesis in plants, no biological roles have been linked functionally to N-glycan modifications that occur in the Golgi apparatus. Herein, we provide evidence that mutants defective in N-glycan maturation, such as complex glycan 1 (cgl1), are more salt-sensitive than wild type. Salt stress caused growth inhibition, aberrant root-tip morphology, and callose accumulation in cgl1, which were also observed in an ER oligosaccharyltransferase mutant, staurosporin and temperature sensitive 3a (stt3a). Unlike stt3a, cgl1 did not cause constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response. Instead, aberrant modification of the plasma membrane glycoprotein KORRIGAN 1/RADIALLY SWOLLEN 2 (KOR1/RSW2) that is necessary for cellulose biosynthesis occurred in cgl1 and stt3a. Genetic analyses identified specific interactions among rsw2, stt3a, and cgl1 mutations, indicating that the function of KOR1/RSW2 protein depends on complex N-glycans. Furthermore, cellulose deficient rsw1-1 and rsw2-1 plants were also salt-sensitive. These results establish that plant protein N-glycosylation functions beyond protein folding in the ER and is necessary for sufficient cell-wall formation under salt stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
N-glycan maturation mutants were more salt sensitive than wild type.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Material
- complex glycan 1 (cgl1)e0
- Outcome
- salt-sensitivee0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“mutants defective in N-glycan maturation, such as complex glycan 1 (cgl1), are more salt-sensitive than wild type”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress inhibited growth in cgl1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- cgl1e0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- growth inhibitione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“Salt stress caused growth inhibition, aberrant root-tip morphology, and callose accumulation in cgl1”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress caused aberrant root-tip morphology in cgl1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- cgl1e0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- aberrant root-tip morphologye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“Salt stress caused growth inhibition, aberrant root-tip morphology, and callose accumulation in cgl1”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress caused callose accumulation in cgl1.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- cgl1e0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- callose accumulatione0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“Salt stress caused growth inhibition, aberrant root-tip morphology, and callose accumulation in cgl1”
Claim · model-written summary
cgl1 did not constitutively activate the unfolded protein response, unlike stt3a.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- cgl1e0
- Outcome
- constitutive activation of the unfolded protein responsee0
- Direction
- did note0
- Comparator
- stt3ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“Unlike stt3a, cgl1 did not cause constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response”
Claim · model-written summary
KOR1/RSW2 was aberrantly modified in cgl1 and stt3a.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- KORRIGAN 1/RADIALLY SWOLLEN 2 (KOR1/RSW2)e0
- Outcome
- aberrant modificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“aberrant modification of the plasma membrane glycoprotein KORRIGAN 1/RADIALLY SWOLLEN 2 (KOR1/RSW2) that is necessary for cellulose biosynthesis occurred in cgl1 and stt3a”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic interactions among rsw2, stt3a, and cgl1 indicate KOR1/RSW2 function depends on complex N-glycans.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- KOR1/RSW2e0
- Outcome
- function of KOR1/RSW2 proteine0
- Qualifier
- depends on complex N-glycanse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“Genetic analyses identified specific interactions among rsw2, stt3a, and cgl1 mutations, indicating that the function of KOR1/RSW2 protein depends on complex N-glycans”
Claim · model-written summary
Cellulose deficient rsw1-1 and rsw2-1 plants were salt sensitive.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- rsw1-1 and rsw2-1e0
- Outcome
- salt-sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e0“cellulose deficient rsw1-1 and rsw2-1 plants were also salt-sensitive”
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