Abstract
We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA). The increase in total phenolic content of roots by the elicitors was significantly higher than control. Most pronounced increase in lignin synthesis was triggered by SA followed by CHT. At 24 h post-elicitation (hpe), the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase was 4.5 times higher than control elicited by CHT. The peroxidase activity was about 86 nkat/mg protein at 24 hpe in case of SA and 78 nkat/mg protein in case of CHT. The activity of polyphenol oxidase increased several folds by the elicitors. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased to the maximum at 48 hpe under the influence of CHT. The results indicate that the elicitors SA and CHT induced effective defense responses in tomato plants against R. solanacearum. This was evident from reduced vascular browning and wilting symptoms of tomato plants treated with SA and CHT and challenged subsequently with R. solanacearum. This reduced disease incidence in tomato by SA and CHT may be a result of cell wall strengthening through deposition of lignin and the coincident induction of defense enzymes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Elicitors significantly increased tomato root phenolic content relative to control.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- elicitorse0
- Outcome
- total phenolic content of rootse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in total phenolic content of roots by the elicitors was significantly higher than control”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid triggered the strongest increase in lignin synthesis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- lignin synthesise0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- CHTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most pronounced increase in lignin synthesis was triggered by SA followed by CHT”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan raised phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity 4.5-fold over control at 24 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- CHTe0
- Outcome
- activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyasee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.5 timese0
- Qualifier
- 24 h post-elicitatione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 24 h post-elicitation (hpe), the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase was 4.5 times higher than control elicited by CHT”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid treatment produced peroxidase activity of about 86 nkat/mg protein at 24 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Value
- 86 nkat/mg proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peroxidase activity was about 86 nkat/mg protein at 24 hpe in case of SA”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan treatment produced peroxidase activity of 78 nkat/mg protein.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- CHTe0
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye2
- Value
- 78 nkat/mg proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“78 nkat/mg protein in case of CHT”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
e2“The peroxidase activity was about 86 nkat/mg protein at 24 hpe in case of SA and 78 nkat/mg protein in case of CHT”
Claim · model-written summary
Elicitors increased polyphenol oxidase activity several-fold.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- elicitorse0
- Outcome
- activity of polyphenol oxidasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- several foldse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of polyphenol oxidase increased several folds by the elicitors”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan maximized cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity at 48 hours.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- CHTe0
- Outcome
- Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- increased to the maximume0
- Qualifier
- 48 hpee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased to the maximum at 48 hpe under the influence of CHT”
e1“We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid reduced vascular browning and wilting in challenged tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Outcome
- vascular browning and wilting symptomse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced vascular browning and wilting symptoms of tomato plants treated with SA and CHT and challenged subsequently with R. solanacearum”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan reduced vascular browning and wilting in challenged tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- CHTe0
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume0pathogen
- Outcome
- vascular browning and wilting symptomse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced vascular browning and wilting symptoms of tomato plants treated with SA and CHT and challenged subsequently with R. solanacearum”
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