Abstract
Globally, Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is ranked one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens inducing rapid and fatal wilting symptoms on tomatoes. Yield losses on tomatoes vary from 0 to 91% and most control measures are unaffordable to resource-poor farmers. This study investigated the antimicrobial activities of chitin and chitosan extracted from black soldier fly (BSF) pupal exuviae against R. solanacearum. Morphological, biochemical, and molecular techniques were used to isolate and characterize R. solanacearum for in vitro pathogenicity test using disc diffusion technique. Our results revealed that BSF chitosan significantly inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum when compared to treatments without chitosan. However, there was no significant difference in the antibacterial activities between BSF and commercial chitosan against R. solanacearum. Soil amended with BSF-chitin and chitosan demonstrated a reduction in bacterial wilt disease incidence by 30.31% and 34.95%, respectively. Whereas, disease severity was reduced by 22.57% and 23.66%, when inoculated tomato plants were subjected to soil amended with BSF chitin and chitosan, respectively. These findings have demonstrated that BSF pupal shells are an attractive renewable raw material for the recovery of valuable products (chitin and chitosan) with promising ability as a new type of eco-friendly control measure against bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum. Further studies should explore integrated pest management options that integrate multiple components including insect-based chitin and chitosan to manage bacterial wilt diseases, contributing significantly to increased tomato production worldwide.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
BSF chitosan significantly inhibited growth of R. solanacearum compared with treatments without chitosan
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- BSF chitosane2
- Interactor
- R. solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume2pathogen - Outcome
- growth of R. solanacearume2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
- Comparator
- treatments without chitosane2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Our results revealed that BSF chitosan significantly inhibited the growth of R. solanacearum when compared to treatments without chitosan”
t0“Bacterial Wilt of Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BSF and commercial chitosan did not differ in antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- BSFe3
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume3pathogen
- Outcome
- antibacterial activitiese3
- Direction
- no significant differencee3
- Comparator
- commercial chitosane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“However, there was no significant difference in the antibacterial activities between BSF and commercial chitosan against R. solanacearum”
t0“Bacterial Wilt of Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amended with BSF-chitin reduced bacterial wilt disease incidence in tomato by 30.31%
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Soil amended with BSF-chitine4
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial wilt disease incidencee4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 30.31%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Globally, Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is ranked one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens inducing rapid and fatal wilting symptoms on tomatoes”
e4“Soil amended with BSF-chitin and chitosan demonstrated a reduction in bacterial wilt disease incidence by 30.31% and 34.95%, respectively”
t0“Bacterial Wilt of Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amended with BSF chitosan reduced bacterial wilt disease incidence in tomato by 34.95%
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Soil amended with BSF-chitin and chitosane4
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial wilt disease incidencee4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 34.95%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Globally, Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is ranked one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens inducing rapid and fatal wilting symptoms on tomatoes”
e4“Soil amended with BSF-chitin and chitosan demonstrated a reduction in bacterial wilt disease incidence by 30.31% and 34.95%, respectively”
t0“Bacterial Wilt of Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amended with BSF chitin reduced disease severity in inoculated tomato by 22.57%
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume5
- Treatment
- soil amended with BSF chitine5
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 22.57%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Globally, Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is ranked one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens inducing rapid and fatal wilting symptoms on tomatoes”
e5“Whereas, disease severity was reduced by 22.57% and 23.66%, when inoculated tomato plants were subjected to soil amended with BSF chitin and chitosan, respectively”
t0“Bacterial Wilt of Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil amended with BSF chitin and chitosan reduced disease severity in inoculated tomato by 23.66%
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume5
- Treatment
- soil amended with BSF chitin and chitosane5
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 23.66%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Globally, Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is ranked one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens inducing rapid and fatal wilting symptoms on tomatoes”
e5“Whereas, disease severity was reduced by 22.57% and 23.66%, when inoculated tomato plants were subjected to soil amended with BSF chitin and chitosan, respectively”
t0“Bacterial Wilt of Tomato”
The same questions in other papers
chitosan · Ralstonia solanacearum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →resistance inducer · Ralstonia solanacearum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.