Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the roles of glycine betaine (GB) in mitigating deleterious effect of salt stress on lettuce. Lettuce plants were subjected to two salinity (0 and 100 mmol l−1 NaCl) and four GB levels (0, 5, 10, 25 mmol l−1). Salinity resulted in a remarkable decrease in growth parameters, relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance. Plants subjected to salt stress exhibited an increase in membrane permeability (MP), lipid peroxidation (MDA), leaf chlorophyll reading value, H2O2 and sugar content. Exogenous foliar applications of GB reduced MP, MDA and H2O2 content in salt-stressed lettuce plants. Salt stress increased Na and generally decreased other nutrient elements. GB reduced Na accumulation, but significantly increased other element contents under salinity conditions. The study showed that gibberellic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) content in salt-stressed plants were lower than those of nonstressed plants. However, salinity conditions generally increased the abscisic acid content. GB treatments elevated the concentrations of GA, SA and indole acetic acid (IAA) at especially 10 and 25 mmol l−1 GB under salt stress conditions. It could be concluded that exogenous GB applications could ameliorate the harmful effects of salt stress in lettuce.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased lettuce growth parameters, relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- growth parameters, relative leaf water content and stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“Salinity resulted in a remarkable decrease in growth parameters, relative leaf water content and stomatal conductance.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and H2O2 in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- membrane permeability (MP), lipid peroxidation (MDA)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“Plants subjected to salt stress exhibited an increase in membrane permeability (MP), lipid peroxidation (MDA), leaf chlorophyll reading value, H2O2 and sugar content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased lettuce chlorophyll reading value and sugar content.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll reading value, H2O2 and sugar contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“Plants subjected to salt stress exhibited an increase in membrane permeability (MP), lipid peroxidation (MDA), leaf chlorophyll reading value, H2O2 and sugar content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar GB reduced membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and H2O2 in salt-stressed lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Exogenous foliar applications of GBe0
- Outcome
- MP, MDA and H2O2 contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“Exogenous foliar applications of GB reduced MP, MDA and H2O2 content in salt-stressed lettuce plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased sodium in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- Nae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“Salt stress increased Na and generally decreased other nutrient elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress generally decreased other nutrient elements in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- other nutrient elementse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“Salt stress increased Na and generally decreased other nutrient elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
GB reduced sodium accumulation under salinity.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- GBe0
- Outcome
- Na accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“GB reduced Na accumulation, but significantly increased other element contents under salinity conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
GB significantly increased other element contents under salinity.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- GBe0
- Outcome
- other element contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“GB reduced Na accumulation, but significantly increased other element contents under salinity conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered gibberellic and salicylic acid contents.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- salt-stressed plantse0
- Outcome
- gibberellic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“gibberellic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) content in salt-stressed plants were lower than those of nonstressed plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity generally increased abscisic acid content.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- salinity conditionse0
- Outcome
- abscisic acid contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“salinity conditions generally increased the abscisic acid content.”
Claim · model-written summary
GB elevated gibberellic acid, salicylic acid and indole acetic acid concentrations under salt stress.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- GB treatmentse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of GA, SA and indole acetic acid (IAA)e0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Qualifier
- especially 10 and 25 mmol l−1 GB under salt stress conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“GB treatments elevated the concentrations of GA, SA and indole acetic acid (IAA) at especially 10 and 25 mmol l−1 GB under salt stress conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded exogenous GB could ameliorate salt stress harm in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- exogenous GB applicationse0
- Outcome
- ameliorate the harmful effects of salt stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)”
e0“exogenous GB applications could ameliorate the harmful effects of salt stress in lettuce”
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See all 16 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.