Abstract
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) play essential roles in many cellular processes. The MVB pathway requires reversible membrane association of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transports (ESCRTs) for sustained protein trafficking. Membrane dissociation of ESCRTs is catalyzed by the AAA ATPase SKD1, which is stimulated by LYST-interacting protein 5 (LIP5). We report here that LIP5 is a target of pathogen-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) and plays a critical role in plant basal resistance. Arabidopsis LIP5 interacts with MPK6 and MPK3 and is phosphorylated in vitro by activated MPK3 and MPK6 and in vivo upon expression of MPK3/6-activating NtMEK2DD and pathogen infection. Disruption of LIP5 has little effects on flg22-, salicylic acid-induced defense responses but compromises basal resistance to Pseudomonas syringae. The critical role of LIP5 in plant basal resistance is dependent on its ability to interact with SKD1. Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5 does not affect interaction with SKD1 but reduces the stability and compromises the ability to complement the lip5 mutant phenotypes. Using the membrane-selective FM1-43 dye and transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated that pathogen infection increases formation of both intracellular MVBs and exosome-like paramural vesicles situated between the plasma membrane and the cell wall in a largely LIP5-dependent manner. These results indicate that the MVB pathway is positively regulated by pathogen-responsive MPK3/6 through LIP5 phosphorylation and plays a critical role in plant immune system likely through relocalization of defense-related molecules.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis LIP5 interacts with MPK6 and MPK3.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- interacts with MPK6 and MPK3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis LIP5 interacts with MPK6 and MPK3”
Claim · model-written summary
Activated MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylate Arabidopsis LIP5 in vitro.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- LIP5t0
- Outcome
- phosphorylated in vitro by activated MPK3 and MPK6e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“is phosphorylated in vitro by activated MPK3 and MPK6”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of MPK3/6-activating NtMEK2DD and pathogen infection phosphorylate LIP5 in vivo.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- LIP5t0
- Outcome
- in vivo upon expression of MPK3/6-activating NtMEK2DD and pathogen infectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in vivo upon expression of MPK3/6-activating NtMEK2DD and pathogen infection”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
LIP5 disruption has little effect on flg22- and salicylic acid-induced defense responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Disruption of LIP5e0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- defense responsese0
- Direction
- little effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disruption of LIP5 has little effects on flg22-, salicylic acid-induced defense responses”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
LIP5 disruption compromises basal resistance to Pseudomonas syringae.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Disruption of LIP5e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringaee0pathogen - Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- basal resistance to Pseudomonas syringaee0
- Direction
- compromisese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Disruption of LIP5 has little effects on flg22-, salicylic acid-induced defense responses but compromises basal resistance to Pseudomonas syringae”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
The role of LIP5 in basal resistance depends on its ability to interact with SKD1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- plant basal resistancee0
- Qualifier
- ability to interact with SKD1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The critical role of LIP5 in plant basal resistance is dependent on its ability to interact with SKD1”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5 does not affect its interaction with SKD1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5e0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- interaction with SKD1e0
- Direction
- does not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5 does not affect interaction with SKD1”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites reduces LIP5 stability.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5e0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- stabilitye0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5 does not affect interaction with SKD1 but reduces the stability and compromises the ability to complement the lip5 mutant phenotypes”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites compromises complementation of lip5 mutant phenotypes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5e0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- ability to complement the lip5 mutant phenotypese0
- Direction
- compromisese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of MPK phosphorylation sites in LIP5 does not affect interaction with SKD1 but reduces the stability and compromises the ability to complement the lip5 mutant phenotypes”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen infection increases intracellular MVB formation largely depending on LIP5.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- pathogen infectione0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- intracellular MVBse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- largely LIP5-dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pathogen infection increases formation of both intracellular MVBs and exosome-like paramural vesicles situated between the plasma membrane and the cell wall in a largely LIP5-dependent manner”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen infection increases exosome-like paramural vesicle formation largely depending on LIP5.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- pathogen infectione0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- exosome-like paramural vesiclese0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- largely LIP5-dependent mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pathogen infection increases formation of both intracellular MVBs and exosome-like paramural vesicles situated between the plasma membrane and the cell wall in a largely LIP5-dependent manner”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that MPK3/6 phosphorylation of LIP5 positively regulates the MVB pathway.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- LIP5e0
- Outcome
- MVB pathwaye0
- Direction
- positively regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the MVB pathway is positively regulated by pathogen-responsive MPK3/6 through LIP5 phosphorylation”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that the MVB pathway contributes to plant immunity through relocation of defense molecules.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- plant immune systeme0
- Qualifier
- relocalization of defense-related moleculese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plays a critical role in plant immune system likely through relocalization of defense-related molecules”
t0“Arabidopsis LIP5”
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