Paper · 2008 · Polish Journal of Natural Science

Effect of Fungal Infection and the Application of the Biological Agent EM 1™ on the Rate of Photosynthesis and Transpiration in Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Leaves

Adam Okorski; Jacek Olszewski; Agnieszka Pszczółkowska; et al.

6
claims
13
verbatim quotes
21
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Field experiments conducted during the years 2003-2005 showed that the rate of photosynthesis and transpiration decreased as a result of pea infection by Peronospora viciae. Foliar application of effective microorganisms (EM) combined with chemical control increased the rate of photosynthesis in pea, while other methods of EM application reduced net photosynthesis values (An). Chemical control and seed dressing with the tested biological agent caused a significant decrease in molar transpiration (E) values, compared to the control treatment. Soil application of EM contributed to inhibiting fungal pathogen infestation on pea plants.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Peronospora viciae infection decreased pea photosynthesis and transpiration.

Treatment
pea infection by Peronospora viciaee0
Interactor
Peronospora viciaePeronospora viciaee0pathogen
Outcome
rate of photosynthesis and transpiratione0
Direction
decreasede0
Comparator
control treatmente1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Peronospora viciae
Peronospora viciae · InteractorBjörn Sothmann · CC BY-SA 4.0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the rate of photosynthesis and transpiration decreased as a result of pea infection by Peronospora viciae”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 67–172 · show in text ↑
e1

“control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–546 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Foliar EM combined with chemical control increased pea photosynthesis.

Treatment
Foliar application of effective microorganisms (EM) combined with chemical controle0
Interactor
effective microorganisms (EM)e0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
rate of photosynthesise0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
control treatmente1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar application of effective microorganisms (EM) combined with chemical control increased the rate of photosynthesis in pea”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 174–300 · show in text ↑
e1

“control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–546 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Other EM application methods reduced pea net photosynthesis.

Treatment
other methods of EM applicatione0
Interactor
EMe0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
net photosynthesis values (An)e0
Direction
reducede0
Comparator
control treatmente2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“other methods of EM application reduced net photosynthesis values (An)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 308–378 · show in text ↑
e1

“pea infection by Peronospora viciae”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 137–172 · show in text ↑
e2

“control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–546 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Chemical control significantly reduced molar transpiration relative to the control.

Treatment
Chemical controle0
Outcome
molar transpiration (E) valuese0
Direction
decreasee0
Comparator
control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Chemical control and seed dressing with the tested biological agent caused a significant decrease in molar transpiration (E) values, compared to the control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 380–546 · show in text ↑
e1

“pea infection by Peronospora viciae”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 137–172 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed dressing with the biological agent significantly reduced molar transpiration relative to the control.

Treatment
seed dressing with the tested biological agente0
Outcome
molar transpiration (E) valuese0
Direction
decreasee0
Comparator
control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“seed dressing with the tested biological agent caused a significant decrease in molar transpiration (E) values, compared to the control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 401–546 · show in text ↑
e1

“pea infection by Peronospora viciae”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 137–172 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil EM application inhibited fungal pathogen infestation on pea.

Treatment
Soil application of EMe0
Interactor
fungal pathogene0pathogen
Second interactor
EMe0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
fungal pathogen infestatione0
Direction
inhibitinge0
Comparator
control treatmente1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Soil application of EM contributed to inhibiting fungal pathogen infestation on pea plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 548–638 · show in text ↑
e1

“control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–546 · show in text ↑

inoculation · pest · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 5 positive, 1 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

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application · physiology: photosynthesis · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results

6 papers: 5 positive, 1 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

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inoculation · physiology: photosynthesis · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 8 positive, 2 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

application · pest · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 9 positive, 3 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.