Abstract
Abstract A field experiment was initiated in fall 1971 to compare 90‐, 180‐, and 360‐kg/ha rates of Zn supplied in ZnSO 4 and in garbage compost or sewage sludge. The same treatments were reapplied to half of each plot in fall 1972. Forage yields of sweet corn ( Zea mays L.) in 1972 and 1973 were higher with applied compost and sludge but were unaffected or reduced by ZnSO 4 applications. Concentrations of Zn were much higher in forage with ZnSO 4 than with the organic wastes; concentrations in grain were similar among all treatments. Reapplication of the treatments did not result in proportional increases in heavy metal concentrations in either forage or grain. However, concentrations of Cd in forage and grain were about threefold higher with compost and sludge. Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ), double‐cropped after sweet corn each year, were more sensitive to excessive Zn. All rates of ZnSO 4 and sewage sludge depressed yields of mature pods, and dry matter yields of bean vines were lower with the high rate of ZnSO 4 but relatively unaffected by sludge. Concentrations of Cd and Ni were slightly higher in vines and pods from sludge‐treated plots.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Compost increased sweet corn forage yields in 1972 and 1973.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Forage yields of sweet corn ( Zea mays L.) in 1972 and 1973 were higher with applied compost and sludge”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased sweet corn forage yields in 1972 and 1973.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Forage yields of sweet corn ( Zea mays L.) in 1972 and 1973 were higher with applied compost and sludge”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnSO 4 left sweet corn forage yields unaffected or reduced.
- Taxon
- sweet corne0
- Treatment
- ZnSO 4 applicationse0
- Outcome
- Forage yieldse0
- Direction
- unaffected or reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Forage yields of sweet corn ( Zea mays L.) in 1972 and 1973 were higher with applied compost and sludge but were unaffected or reduced by ZnSO 4 applications.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn forage Zn concentrations were much higher with ZnSO 4 than with organic wastes.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Zn were much higher in forage with ZnSO 4 than with the organic wastes”
e7“sweet corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn grain Zn concentrations were similar across treatments.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations in grain were similar among all treatments”
e7“sweet corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reapplication did not proportionally increase sweet corn forage or grain heavy metal concentrations.
- Taxon
- sweet corne7
- Treatment
- Reapplication of the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- heavy metal concentrations in either forage or graine0
- Direction
- did not result in proportional increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Reapplication of the treatments did not result in proportional increases in heavy metal concentrations in either forage or grain.”
e7“sweet corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost raised sweet corn forage and grain Cd concentrations about threefold.
- Taxon
- sweet corne7
- Treatment
- composte0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Cd in forage and graine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about threefolde0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of Cd in forage and grain were about threefold higher with compost and sludge”
e7“sweet corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge raised sweet corn forage and grain Cd concentrations about threefold.
- Taxon
- sweet corne7
- Treatment
- sludgee0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Cd in forage and graine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about threefolde0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of Cd in forage and grain were about threefold higher with compost and sludge”
e7“sweet corn ( Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bush beans were more sensitive than sweet corn to excessive Zn.
Verbatim
e0“Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ), double‐cropped after sweet corn each year, were more sensitive to excessive Zn.”
Claim · model-written summary
All ZnSO 4 rates depressed bush bean mature pod yields.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“All rates of ZnSO 4 and sewage sludge depressed yields of mature pods”
e7“Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris )”
Claim · model-written summary
All sewage sludge rates depressed bush bean mature pod yields.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“All rates of ZnSO 4 and sewage sludge depressed yields of mature pods”
e7“Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris )”
Claim · model-written summary
High-rate ZnSO 4 reduced bean vine dry matter yields.
- Taxon
- Bush beanse7
- Treatment
- high rate of ZnSO 4e0
- Outcome
- dry matter yields of bean vinese0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“dry matter yields of bean vines were lower with the high rate of ZnSO 4 but relatively unaffected by sludge”
e7“Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris )”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge relatively did not affect bean vine dry matter yields.
- Taxon
- Bush beanse7
- Treatment
- sludgee0
- Outcome
- dry matter yields of bean vinese0
- Direction
- relatively unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“dry matter yields of bean vines were lower with the high rate of ZnSO 4 but relatively unaffected by sludge”
e7“Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris )”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge slightly increased Cd and Ni concentrations in bean vines and pods.
- Taxon
- Bush beanse7
- Organ / stage
- vines and podse0
- Treatment
- sludge‐treated plotse0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of Cd and Nie0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of Cd and Ni were slightly higher in vines and pods from sludge‐treated plots.”
e7“Bush beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris )”
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