Abstract
The integration of cover crops with selected postemergence herbicides was evaluated on the basis of weed control and grain yields in no-till soybean and corn. Soybean was planted into wheat residue, whereas corn was planted into hairy vetch residue. Full, half, and quarter rates and sequential herbicide applications were made. The wheat cover crop did not increase weed suppression but increased soybean grain yields. Half rates of thifensulfuron plus quizalofop-P as single or split applications were as effective as full rates in reducing weed weight in soybean. Soybean grain yields were similar in the half- and full-rate treatments in 1994, but yield was highest in the full-rate treatment in 1995. The hairy vetch cover crop did not increase weed suppression but lowered corn stands and grain yields in 1995 and enhanced corn grain yields in 1996. Full, half, and quarter rates (1996 only) of nicosulfuron plus primisulfuron were equally effective in reducing weed weight. Corn grain yields were similar at all herbicide rates in 1995 but were inversely related to herbicide rate in 1996. Split herbicide applications did not improve weed suppression over single applications of the same herbicide rate in either crop. Results indicate that cover crops can improve crop productivity and reduced rates of environmentally benign herbicides can minimize the herbicide requirements in no-till corn and soybean.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
The wheat cover crop did not increase weed suppression in no-till soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- wheat cover crope0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed suppressione0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The wheat cover crop did not increase weed suppression but increased soybean grain yields”
Claim · model-written summary
The wheat cover crop increased soybean grain yields.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- wheat cover crope0
- Outcome
- soybean grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The wheat cover crop did not increase weed suppression but increased soybean grain yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Half rates of thifensulfuron plus quizalofop-P, as single or split applications, were as effective as full rates in reducing weed weight in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Half rates of thifensulfuron plus quizalofop-Pe0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed weighte0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- full ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Half rates of thifensulfuron plus quizalofop-P as single or split applications were as effective as full rates in reducing weed weight in soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean grain yields were similar in the half- and full-rate herbicide treatments in 1994.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- half- and full-rate treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Soybean grain yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- in 1994e0
- Comparator
- full-rate treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean grain yields were similar in the half- and full-rate treatments in 1994”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean grain yield was highest in the full-rate herbicide treatment in 1995.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- full-rate treatmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in 1995e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“yield was highest in the full-rate treatment in 1995”
Claim · model-written summary
The hairy vetch cover crop did not increase weed suppression in no-till corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- hairy vetch cover crope0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed suppressione0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“The hairy vetch cover crop did not increase weed suppression”
Claim · model-written summary
The hairy vetch cover crop lowered corn stands and grain yields in 1995.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- hairy vetch cover crope0
- Outcome
- corn stands and grain yieldse0
- Direction
- lowerede0
- Qualifier
- in 1995e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The hairy vetch cover crop did not increase weed suppression but lowered corn stands and grain yields in 1995”
Claim · model-written summary
The hairy vetch cover crop enhanced corn grain yields in 1996.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- hairy vetch cover crope0
- Outcome
- corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- in 1996e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The hairy vetch cover crop did not increase weed suppression but lowered corn stands and grain yields in 1995 and enhanced corn grain yields in 1996”
Claim · model-written summary
Full, half and quarter rates of nicosulfuron plus primisulfuron were equally effective in reducing weed weight in corn (quarter rate in 1996 only).
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Full, half, and quarter rates (1996 only) of nicosulfuron plus primisulfurone0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed weighte0
- Direction
- equally effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Full, half, and quarter rates (1996 only) of nicosulfuron plus primisulfuron were equally effective in reducing weed weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grain yields were similar at all herbicide rates in 1995.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- all herbicide ratese0
- Outcome
- Corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- in 1995e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn grain yields were similar at all herbicide rates in 1995”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grain yields were inversely related to herbicide rate in 1996.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- herbicide ratee0
- Outcome
- Corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Qualifier
- in 1996e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn grain yields were similar at all herbicide rates in 1995 but were inversely related to herbicide rate in 1996”
Claim · model-written summary
Split herbicide applications did not improve weed suppression over single applications of the same herbicide rate in either corn or soybean.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Split herbicide applicationse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed suppressione0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
- Comparator
- single applications of the same herbicide ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn and soybean”
e0“Split herbicide applications did not improve weed suppression over single applications of the same herbicide rate in either crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that cover crops can improve crop productivity and reduced rates of herbicides can minimize herbicide requirements in no-till corn and soybean.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- herbicide requirementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cover crops can improve crop productivity and reduced rates of environmentally benign herbicides can minimize the herbicide requirements in no-till corn and soybean”
The same questions in other papers
thifensulfuron · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Primisulfuron · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Triticum aestivum · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
Vicia villosa · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →nicosulfuron · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
34 papers more in this group
See all 38 papers →Vicia villosa · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- positive
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →Triticum aestivum · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
53 papers more in this group
See all 57 papers →cover crop · weed · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
44 papers more in this group
See all 48 papers →8 of 14 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.