Abstract
Cover crops often reduce density and biomass of annual weeds in no‐till cropping systems. However, cover crops that over‐winter also have the potential to reduce crop yield. Currently, there is an interest in annual medics ( Medicago spp.) and other annual legumes that winter‐kill for use as cover crops in midwestern grain cropping systems. A 2‐yr study was conducted at East Lansing and the Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan, to investigate the influence of annual legume cover crops on weed populations. Two annual medic species [burr medic ( M. polymorpha cv. Santiago) and barrel medic ( M. truncatula Gaertn. cv. Mogul)], berseem clover ( Trifolium alexandrinum L. cv. Bigbee), and medium red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) were no‐till seeded as cover crops into winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) stubble in a winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system. Density of winter annual weeds were between 41 and 78% lower following most cover crops when compared with no cover control in 2 out of 4 site years, while dry weight was between 26 and 80% lower in all 4 site years. Impact of cover crops on the density of summer annual weeds was infrequent; however, weed dry weights were reduced by 70% in 1995 following burr medic and barrel medic. Dry weight of perennial weeds before corn planting were 35 to 75% lower following annual legumes compared with the control, while weed density was not affected. This study indicated a potential for annual legumes to reduce weed density and growth in no‐till corn grain systems.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Winter annual weed density was 41 to 78% lower following most cover crops than with no cover, in 2 of 4 site years.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- cover cropse1
- Interactor
- winter annual weedse1weed
- Outcome
- Density of winter annual weedse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- 41 and 78%e1
- Qualifier
- in 2 out of 4 site yearse1
- Comparator
- no cover controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system”
e1“Density of winter annual weeds were between 41 and 78% lower following most cover crops when compared with no cover control in 2 out of 4 site years, while dry weight was between 26 and 80% lower in all 4 site years”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter annual weed dry weight was 26 to 80% lower following cover crops than with no cover, in all 4 site years.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- cover cropse1
- Interactor
- winter annual weedse1weed
- Outcome
- dry weighte1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Value
- 26 and 80%e1
- Qualifier
- in all 4 site yearse1
- Comparator
- no cover controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system”
e1“Density of winter annual weeds were between 41 and 78% lower following most cover crops when compared with no cover control in 2 out of 4 site years, while dry weight was between 26 and 80% lower in all 4 site years”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops had an infrequent impact on the density of summer annual weeds.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- cover cropse2
- Interactor
- summer annual weedse2weed
- Outcome
- density of summer annual weedse2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system”
e2“Impact of cover crops on the density of summer annual weeds was infrequent”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed dry weights were reduced by 70% in 1995 following burr medic and barrel medic.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- burr medic and barrel medice3
- Interactor
- weede3weed
- Outcome
- weed dry weightse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 70%e3
- Qualifier
- in 1995e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system”
e3“weed dry weights were reduced by 70% in 1995 following burr medic and barrel medic”
Claim · model-written summary
Perennial weed dry weight before corn planting was 35 to 75% lower following annual legumes than in the control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- annual legumese4
- Interactor
- perennial weedse4weed
- Outcome
- Dry weight of perennial weedse4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Value
- 35 to 75%e4
- Comparator
- the controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system”
e4“Dry weight of perennial weeds before corn planting were 35 to 75% lower following annual legumes compared with the control, while weed density was not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
Perennial weed density was not affected by annual legumes.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- annual legumese4
- Interactor
- perennial weedse4weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye4
- Direction
- not affectede4
- Comparator
- the controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“winter wheat/corn ( Zea mays L.) rotation system”
e4“Dry weight of perennial weeds before corn planting were 35 to 75% lower following annual legumes compared with the control, while weed density was not affected”
The same questions in other papers
cover crop · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →cover crop · weed · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
44 papers more in this group
See all 48 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.