Abstract
Effect of pre-harvest methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and post-harvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments on broccoli floret glucosinolate (GS) concentrations and quinone reductase (QR, an in vitro anti-cancer biomarker) inducing activity were evaluated two days prior to harvest, at harvest and at 10, 20, and 30 days of post-harvest storage at 4 °C. MeJA treatments four days prior to harvest of broccoli heads was observed to significantly increase floret ethylene biosynthesis resulting in chlorophyll catabolism during post-harvest storage and reduced product quality. Post-harvest treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which competitively binds to protein ethylene receptors, maintained post-harvest floret chlorophyll concentrations and product visual quality in both control and MeJA-treated broccoli. Transcript abundance of BoPPH, a gene which is responsible for the synthesis of pheophytinase, the primary enzyme associated with chlorophyll catabolism in broccoli, was reduced by 1-MCP treatment and showed a significant, negative correlation with floret chlorophyll concentrations. The GS, glucobrassicin, neoglucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiin were significantly increased by MeJA treatments. The products of some of the GS from endogenous myrosinase hydrolysis [sulforaphane (SF), neoascorbigen (NeoASG), N-methoxyindole-3-carbinol (NI3C), and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)] were also quantified and found to be significantly correlated with QR. Sulforaphane, the isothiocyanate hydrolysis product of the GS glucoraphanin, was found to be the most potent QR induction agent. Increased sulforaphane formation from the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin was associated with up-regulated gene expression of myrosinase (BoMyo) and the myrosinase enzyme co-factor gene, epithiospecifier modifier1 (BoESM1). This study demonstrates the combined treatment of MeJA and 1-MCP increased QR activity without post-harvest quality loss.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
MeJA increased floret ethylene biosynthesis significantly.
- Taxon
- Broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- MeJA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- floret ethylene biosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MeJA treatments four days prior to harvest of broccoli heads was observed to significantly increase floret ethylene biosynthesis”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
MeJA caused chlorophyll catabolism during storage.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- MeJA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll catabolisme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MeJA treatments four days prior to harvest of broccoli heads was observed to significantly increase floret ethylene biosynthesis resulting in chlorophyll catabolism during post-harvest storage”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
MeJA reduced product quality during storage.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- MeJA treatmentse1
- Outcome
- product qualitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced product quality”
e1“MeJA treatments four days prior to harvest of broccoli heads”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP maintained postharvest floret chlorophyll concentration and visual quality in control and MeJA treated broccoli.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP)e0
- Outcome
- post-harvest floret chlorophyll concentrations and product visual qualitye0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Post-harvest treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which competitively binds to protein ethylene receptors, maintained post-harvest floret chlorophyll concentrations and product visual quality in both control and MeJA-treated broccoli.”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP reduced BoPPH transcript abundance.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- 1-MCP treatmente0
- Gene
- BoPPHe0
- Outcome
- Transcript abundance of BoPPHe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transcript abundance of BoPPH, a gene which is responsible for the synthesis of pheophytinase, the primary enzyme associated with chlorophyll catabolism in broccoli, was reduced by 1-MCP treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
BoPPH transcript abundance was negatively correlated with floret chlorophyll concentration.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Gene
- BoPPHe0
- Outcome
- floret chlorophyll concentrationse0
- Direction
- negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transcript abundance of BoPPH, a gene which is responsible for the synthesis of pheophytinase, the primary enzyme associated with chlorophyll catabolism in broccoli, was reduced by 1-MCP treatment and showed a significant, negative correlation with floret chlorophyll concentrations.”
Claim · model-written summary
MeJA significantly increased glucobrassicin, neoglucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiin.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- MeJA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- glucobrassicin, neoglucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GS, glucobrassicin, neoglucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiin were significantly increased by MeJA treatments.”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulforaphane, neoascorbigen, and N-methoxyindole-3-carbinol levels correlated significantly with QR induction.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Compound
- sulforaphane (SF), neoascorbigen (NeoASG), N-methoxyindole-3-carbinol (NI3C)e0
- Outcome
- QRe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The products of some of the GS from endogenous myrosinase hydrolysis [sulforaphane (SF), neoascorbigen (NeoASG), N-methoxyindole-3-carbinol (NI3C), and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)] were also quantified and found to be significantly correlated with QR.”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenethyl isothiocyanate correlated significantly with QR induction.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Compound
- phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)e0
- Outcome
- QRe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)] were also quantified and found to be significantly correlated with QR”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulforaphane was the most potent QR inducing agent.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Compound
- Sulforaphanee0
- Outcome
- QR induction agente0
- Direction
- most potente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulforaphane, the isothiocyanate hydrolysis product of the GS glucoraphanin, was found to be the most potent QR induction agent.”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater sulforaphane formation was associated with higher BoMyo expression.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Gene
- BoMyoe0
- Outcome
- sulforaphane formatione0
- Direction
- Increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased sulforaphane formation from the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin was associated with up-regulated gene expression of myrosinase (BoMyo) and the myrosinase enzyme co-factor gene, epithiospecifier modifier1 (BoESM1).”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater sulforaphane formation was associated with higher BoESM1 expression.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Gene
- BoESM1e0
- Outcome
- sulforaphane formatione0
- Direction
- Increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased sulforaphane formation from the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin was associated with up-regulated gene expression of myrosinase (BoMyo) and the myrosinase enzyme co-factor gene, epithiospecifier modifier1 (BoESM1).”
t0“Broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined MeJA and 1-MCP increased QR activity without loss of postharvest quality.
- Taxon
- BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- combined treatment of MeJA and 1-MCPe0
- Outcome
- QR activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- without post-harvest quality losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study demonstrates the combined treatment of MeJA and 1-MCP increased QR activity without post-harvest quality loss.”
t0“Broccoli”
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