Abstract
Humic acids in a concentration of up to 100 μg ml-1 affect the activity of choline esterase of pea only weakly during sinapin (choline ester of sinapic acid) hydrolysis. The inhibition is stronger at higher concentrations. A similar course of inhibition with humic acids was also observed during the synthesis of sinapin catalysed with choline acyltransferase present in the same enzyme extract. The organophosphate malathion is a strong inhibitor of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin. Thus, for example, at a 3.5 × 10-5 M concentration it causes 85% inhibition of pea choline esterase. However, in combination with 100 μg of humic acids this inhibition decreases to about 8%. It was observed that humic acids prevent the inhibition of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin with malathion even at low concentrations. The interaction of the organophosphate malathion with humic acids seems specific. Humic acids do not affect the inhibition of choline esterase with physostigmine or the inhibition of the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin with chlorocholine chloride, alar and hexamine either. This is also true of the activation of the processes with the K+ ions. Humic acids represent competitive inhibitors of choline esterase. Malathion shows an acompetitive — noncompetitive character of the inhibition. The interaction of humic acids with malathion in the roots of the plants may also be assumed in the soil when malathion is applied as an insecticide.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids up to 100 μg ml-1 weakly affected pea choline esterase activity during sinapin hydrolysis.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- Humic acids in a concentration of up to 100 μg ml-1e0
- Gene
- choline esterasee0
- Outcome
- activity of choline esterasee0
- Direction
- only weaklye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic acids in a concentration of up to 100 μg ml-1 affect the activity of choline esterase of pea only weakly during sinapin (choline ester of sinapic acid) hydrolysis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher humic acid concentrations inhibited pea choline esterase more strongly.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- higher concentrationse0
- Gene
- choline esterasee1
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- strongere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibition is stronger at higher concentrations.”
e1“choline esterase of pea only weakly”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids similarly inhibited pea choline acyltransferase-catalysed sinapin synthesis.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- humic acidse0
- Gene
- choline acyltransferasee0
- Outcome
- synthesis of sinapine0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A similar course of inhibition with humic acids was also observed during the synthesis of sinapin catalysed with choline acyltransferase present in the same enzyme extract.”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion strongly inhibited pea sinapin hydrolysis and synthesis.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- malathione0
- Outcome
- hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapine0
- Direction
- strong inhibitore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The organophosphate malathion is a strong inhibitor of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin.”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion at 3.5 × 10-5 M inhibited pea choline esterase by 85%.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 3.5 × 10-5 Me0
- Outcome
- inhibition of pea choline esterasee0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- 85%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at a 3.5 × 10-5 M concentration it causes 85% inhibition of pea choline esterase.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding humic acids reduced malathion inhibition of pea choline esterase to about 8%.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- 100 μg of humic acidse0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Value
- about 8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, in combination with 100 μg of humic acids this inhibition decreases to about 8%.”
e1“pea choline esterase.”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids prevented malathion inhibition of sinapin hydrolysis and synthesis even at low concentrations.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- humic acidse0
- Outcome
- inhibition of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapine0
- Direction
- prevente0
- Qualifier
- even at low concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“humic acids prevent the inhibition of both the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin with malathion even at low concentrations.”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids did not affect physostigmine inhibition of pea choline esterase.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- Humic acidse0
- Outcome
- inhibition of choline esterase with physostigminee0
- Direction
- do not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic acids do not affect the inhibition of choline esterase with physostigmine”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids did not affect inhibition of pea sinapin hydrolysis and synthesis by chlorocholine chloride, alar and hexamine.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- Humic acidse0
- Outcome
- inhibition of the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin with chlorocholine chloride, alar and hexaminee0
- Direction
- do not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic acids do not affect the inhibition of choline esterase with physostigmine or the inhibition of the hydrolysis and the synthesis of sinapin with chlorocholine chloride, alar and hexamine either.”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids did not affect activation of pea sinapin processes by K+ ions.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse2
- Treatment
- Humic acidse1
- Outcome
- activation of the processes with the K+ ionse0
- Direction
- do not affecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This is also true of the activation of the processes with the K+ ions.”
e1“Humic acids do not affect”
e2“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acids were characterized as competitive inhibitors of pea choline esterase.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Gene
- choline esterasee0
- Compound
- Humic acidse0
- Outcome
- competitive inhibitors of choline esterasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic acids represent competitive inhibitors of choline esterase.”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion inhibition of pea choline esterase was characterized as acompetitive to noncompetitive.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Compound
- Malathione0
- Outcome
- acompetitive — noncompetitive character of the inhibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malathion shows an acompetitive — noncompetitive character of the inhibition.”
e1“choline esterase of pea”
The same questions in other papers
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other · disease · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
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- positive
- positive
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.