Abstract
In vivo evaluation of the efficacy of selected plant extracts; Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) derivatives (Neem oil, Neem cake powder and Neem leaf powder) and leaf extracts of pawpaw (Carica papaya L), Tephrosia vogelii, stinging Nettle (Urtica massaica L), Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and commercial fungicide: Kocide DF, against bean rust was conducted. The synergistic effect of known concentrations of their combinations was also evaluated. French bean variety Army that is susceptible to bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) was used in evaluation. Results revealed significantly (P= 0.05) high inhibitory effect on rust severity, incidence and uredospores germination by nettle, tobacco and pawpaw as single treatments and combinations of nettle, Neem oil and nettle, neem oil and pawpaw. These treatments and Kocide DF also recorded significantly (P= 0.05) high pod yields and high percentages of unblemished pods, with the exception of tobacco treatments that had high phyto-toxic effects to the plant. However, Kocide DF, nettle, neem leaf powder and all combinations had significantly (P = 0.05) high effects on plant vigour. These studies propose the inclusion of nettle, pawpaw and neem oil extracts and their combinations as natural controls of bean rust and the need for bioassay – guided research to identify new and more potent compounds in these plants.Key words: Bean rust, Natural control, Plant extracts, synergistic effect, treatments, Kocide DF.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Nettle, tobacco and pawpaw individually suppressed rust severity, incidence and uredospore germination significantly.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- nettle, tobacco and pawpaw as single treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Uromyces appendiculatus
.jpg?width=60)
Uromyces appendiculatuse1pathogen - Outcome
- rust severity, incidence and uredospores germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“significantly (P= 0.05) high inhibitory effect on rust severity, incidence and uredospores germination by nettle, tobacco and pawpaw as single treatments”
e1“bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combinations involving nettle, neem oil and pawpaw significantly suppressed rust severity, incidence and uredospore germination.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- combinations of nettle, Neem oil and nettle, neem oil and pawpawe0
- Interactor
- Uromyces appendiculatusUromyces appendiculatuse1pathogen
- Outcome
- rust severity, incidence and uredospores germinatione0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“significantly (P= 0.05) high inhibitory effect on rust severity, incidence and uredospores germination by nettle, tobacco and pawpaw as single treatments and combinations of nettle, Neem oil and nettle, neem oil and pawpaw”
e1“bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant extract treatments and Kocide DF gave significantly high pod yield and unblemished pod percentages.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- nettle, tobacco and pawpaw as single treatments and combinations of nettle, Neem oil and nettle, neem oil and pawpawe1
- Outcome
- pod yields and high percentages of unblemished podse0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“These treatments and Kocide DF also recorded significantly (P= 0.05) high pod yields and high percentages of unblemished pods”
e1“nettle, tobacco and pawpaw as single treatments and combinations of nettle, Neem oil and nettle, neem oil and pawpaw”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco treatments caused high phytotoxic effects.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- tobacco treatmentse0
- Outcome
- phyto-toxic effectse0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“tobacco treatments that had high phyto-toxic effects to the plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Kocide DF, nettle, neem leaf powder and all combinations significantly increased plant vigour.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Kocide DF, nettle, neem leaf powder and all combinationse0
- Outcome
- plant vigoure0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“Kocide DF, nettle, neem leaf powder and all combinations had significantly (P = 0.05) high effects on plant vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose nettle, pawpaw and neem oil extracts and their combinations as natural bean rust controls.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- inclusion of nettle, pawpaw and neem oil extracts and their combinations as natural controls of bean ruste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“propose the inclusion of nettle, pawpaw and neem oil extracts and their combinations as natural controls of bean rust”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors call for bioassay-guided identification of more potent compounds in the extracts.
- Taxon
- French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Outcome
- bioassay – guided research to identify new and more potent compounds in these plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“French Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)”
e0“the need for bioassay – guided research to identify new and more potent compounds in these plants”
The same questions in other papers
Azadirachta indica · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
botanical · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →botanical · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 37 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
84 papers more in this group
See all 88 papers →botanical · Uromyces appendiculatus · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.