Abstract
The water extracts of basil, henna, lemongrass, marjoram, and thyme were used at three concentrations (S/2, S/4, and S/8) to study their impact on Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. ex Pers.), the causative agent of bean rust in vitro and at S/2 concentration in vivo, in the presence of the fungicide Domark 10 EC at 0.5 ml/ L as check. In vitro, all treatments reduced the germination percentage, and the inhibition increased with concentration. Domark emerged as the most potent agent, inhibiting spore germination by 91.9%, followed by lemongrass with a germination inhibition rate of 76.0% at S/2 concentration. In vivo evaluations conducted in Khatatba, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt during the agricultural seasons 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 underscored the substantial benefits of these treatments not only in mitigating the frequency and severity of U. appendiculatus infections but also in a significant increase in crop yield and an elevation in total carbohydrates, protein content, and phenolic enzyme activities in bean plants, including peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. Among the tested extracts, lemongrass outperformed others, followed closely by marjoram, while basil ranked the lowest in efficacy. These findings underscore the potential of both chemical and natural treatments in managing Uromyces appendiculatus. The superior performance of lemongrass and marjoram highlights their relevance in integrated disease management strategies, providing valuable options for enhancing nutritional quality and bean yield.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
All plant extract treatments reduced in vitro germination of Uromyces appendiculatus spores, with inhibition increasing with concentration.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- water extracts of basil, henna, lemongrass, marjoram, and thymee0
- Interactor
- Uromyces appendiculatus
.jpg?width=60)
Uromyces appendiculatuse0pathogen - Outcome
- germination percentagee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- In vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e0“The water extracts of basil, henna, lemongrass, marjoram, and thyme were used at three concentrations (S/2, S/4, and S/8) to study their impact on Uromyces appendiculatus”
e1“In vitro, all treatments reduced the germination percentage, and the inhibition increased with concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Domark inhibited spore germination of Uromyces appendiculatus by 91.9% and was the most potent agent tested.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- Domarke2
- Interactor
- Uromyces appendiculatusUromyces appendiculatuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- spore germinatione2
- Direction
- inhibitinge2
- Value
- 91.9%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e0“The water extracts of basil, henna, lemongrass, marjoram, and thyme were used at three concentrations (S/2, S/4, and S/8) to study their impact on Uromyces appendiculatus”
e2“Domark emerged as the most potent agent, inhibiting spore germination by 91.9%”
Claim · model-written summary
Lemongrass inhibited germination of Uromyces appendiculatus spores by 76.0% at S/2 concentration.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- lemongrasse3
- Interactor
- Uromyces appendiculatusUromyces appendiculatuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- germination inhibition ratee3
- Direction
- inhibitione3
- Value
- 76.0%e3
- Qualifier
- at S/2 concentratione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e0“The water extracts of basil, henna, lemongrass, marjoram, and thyme were used at three concentrations (S/2, S/4, and S/8) to study their impact on Uromyces appendiculatus”
e3“lemongrass with a germination inhibition rate of 76.0% at S/2 concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, the plant extract treatments mitigated the frequency and severity of Uromyces appendiculatus infections in bean.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- these treatmentse5
- Interactor
- U. appendiculatusUromyces appendiculatuse5pathogen
- Outcome
- frequency and severity of U. appendiculatus infectionse5
- Direction
- mitigatinge5
- Setting
- Khatatba, Menoufia Governorate, Egypte5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e5“In vivo evaluations conducted in Khatatba, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt during the agricultural seasons 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 underscored the substantial benefits of these treatments not only in mitigating the frequency and severity of U. appendiculatus infections”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant extract treatments increased bean crop yield.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e5“In vivo evaluations conducted in Khatatba, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt during the agricultural seasons 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 underscored the substantial benefits of these treatments not only in mitigating the frequency and severity of U. appendiculatus infections”
e6“a significant increase in crop yield and an elevation in total carbohydrates, protein content, and phenolic enzyme activities in bean plants, including peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant extract treatments increased total carbohydrates and protein content in bean plants.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- these treatmentse5
- Outcome
- total carbohydrates, protein contente6
- Direction
- elevatione6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e5“In vivo evaluations conducted in Khatatba, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt during the agricultural seasons 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 underscored the substantial benefits of these treatments not only in mitigating the frequency and severity of U. appendiculatus infections”
e6“a significant increase in crop yield and an elevation in total carbohydrates, protein content, and phenolic enzyme activities in bean plants, including peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase”
Claim · model-written summary
The plant extract treatments elevated phenolic enzyme activities (peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase) in bean plants.
- Taxon
- beant0
- Treatment
- these treatmentse5
- Gene
- peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyasee6
- Outcome
- phenolic enzyme activitiese6
- Direction
- elevatione6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e5“In vivo evaluations conducted in Khatatba, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt during the agricultural seasons 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 underscored the substantial benefits of these treatments not only in mitigating the frequency and severity of U. appendiculatus infections”
e6“a significant increase in crop yield and an elevation in total carbohydrates, protein content, and phenolic enzyme activities in bean plants, including peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase”
Claim · model-written summary
Lemongrass outperformed the other tested extracts in efficacy.
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e7“Among the tested extracts, lemongrass outperformed others, followed closely by marjoram, while basil ranked the lowest in efficacy”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil ranked lowest in efficacy among the tested extracts.
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e7“Among the tested extracts, lemongrass outperformed others, followed closely by marjoram, while basil ranked the lowest in efficacy”
Claim · model-written summary
Marjoram followed closely behind lemongrass in efficacy.
Verbatim
t0“controlling bean rust”
e7“Among the tested extracts, lemongrass outperformed others, followed closely by marjoram, while basil ranked the lowest in efficacy”
The same questions in other papers
Cymbopogon citratus · control · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
botanical · Uromyces appendiculatus · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.