Abstract
A field experiment was conducted under Mediterranean conditions to study the effects of two barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.), six triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) cultivars and three rye ( Secale cereale L.) populations, used as cover crop mulches on the development of barnyardgrass [ Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.)], bristly foxtail [ Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.], large crabgrass [ Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) P. Scop.], and cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). Cotton was grown with cereal mulches alone or in treatment combinations that included inter‐row cultivation, herbicide (quizalofop) application, or both. Three weeks after cotton planting, barnyardgrass, bristly foxtail, and large crabgrass emergence in mulched treatments was 28 to 69%, 33 to 57%, and 35 to 83% lower, respectively, than emergence in mulch‐free treatments. On the contrary, cotton emergence was not significantly affected by any of the cover crop mulches. Shoot number and fresh weight of the three weeds were in most cases decreased in cereal‐mulched treatments and were less in inter‐row cultivated treatments compared to those in uncultivated treatments. Cotton lint yields in cereal mulched‐inter‐row‐cultivated treatments were 28 to 84% greater than that in the corresponding mulch‐free treatments. However, cotton produced more lint yield when the three grasses had been controlled by quizalofop. The results of this study indicated that some winter cereals have the ability to suppress germination of annual grass weeds and in combination with inter‐row cultivation could increase cotton yield. However, herbicide usage is essential to maximize cotton yield and consequently to satisfy cotton producers.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch lowered barnyardgrass emergence by 28 to 69% versus mulch-free treatments.
- Treatment
- mulched treatmentse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrass
Echinochloa crus-gallie0weed - Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 28 to 69%e0
- Comparator
- mulch‐free treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“barnyardgrass, bristly foxtail, and large crabgrass emergence in mulched treatments was 28 to 69%, 33 to 57%, and 35 to 83% lower, respectively, than emergence in mulch‐free treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch lowered bristly foxtail emergence by 33 to 57% versus mulch-free treatments.
- Treatment
- mulched treatmentse0
- Interactor
- bristly foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- emergencee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 33 to 57%e0
- Comparator
- mulch‐free treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“barnyardgrass, bristly foxtail, and large crabgrass emergence in mulched treatments was 28 to 69%, 33 to 57%, and 35 to 83% lower, respectively, than emergence in mulch‐free treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch lowered large crabgrass emergence by 35 to 83% versus mulch-free treatments.
- Treatment
- mulched treatmentse0
- Interactor
- large crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- large crabgrass emergencee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 35 to 83%e0
- Comparator
- mulch‐free treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“barnyardgrass, bristly foxtail, and large crabgrass emergence in mulched treatments was 28 to 69%, 33 to 57%, and 35 to 83% lower, respectively, than emergence in mulch‐free treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop mulches did not significantly affect cotton emergence.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- cover crop mulchese0
- Outcome
- cotton emergencee0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton emergence was not significantly affected by any of the cover crop mulches.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cereal mulch decreased shoot number and fresh weight of the three grass weeds in most cases.
- Treatment
- cereal‐mulched treatmentse0
- Interactor
- three weedse0weed
- Outcome
- Shoot number and fresh weight of the three weedse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot number and fresh weight of the three weeds were in most cases decreased in cereal‐mulched treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Inter-row cultivation lowered weed shoot number and fresh weight relative to no cultivation.
- Treatment
- inter‐row cultivated treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Shoot number and fresh weighte1
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- uncultivated treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“were less in inter‐row cultivated treatments compared to those in uncultivated treatments.”
e1“Shoot number and fresh weight of the three weeds were in most cases decreased in cereal‐mulched treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Cereal mulch plus inter-row cultivation raised cotton lint yield 28 to 84% over mulch-free treatments.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- cereal mulched‐inter‐row‐cultivated treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Cotton lint yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 28 to 84%e0
- Comparator
- corresponding mulch‐free treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton lint yields in cereal mulched‐inter‐row‐cultivated treatments were 28 to 84% greater than that in the corresponding mulch‐free treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton lint yield was greater when quizalofop controlled the three grasses.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- quizalofope0
- Interactor
- three grassese0weed
- Outcome
- lint yielde0
- Direction
- moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton produced more lint yield when the three grasses had been controlled by quizalofop.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude winter cereals suppress annual grass weed germination.
- Treatment
- winter cerealse0
- Interactor
- annual grass weedse0weed
- Outcome
- germination of annual grass weedse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“some winter cereals have the ability to suppress germination of annual grass weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that winter cereals with inter-row cultivation can increase cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- inter‐row cultivatione0
- Outcome
- increase cotton yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in combination with inter‐row cultivation could increase cotton yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend herbicide use to maximize cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- herbicide usage is essential to maximize cotton yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“herbicide usage is essential to maximize cotton yield”
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58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
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See all 63 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.