Abstract
It has been demonstrated that both salicylic acid and fungal elicitors activate a 48-kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase termed salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK) in tobacco suspension cells. Here, we show that infiltration of these agents into tobacco leaves also activates SIPK. Of particular interest, infiltration of water alone activated a kinase of the same size, possibly because of wounding and/or osmotic stresses. The kinetics of kinase activation, however, differ for these different treatments. Various mechanical stresses, including cutting and wounding by abrasion, also activated a 48-kDa kinase. By using an immune-complex kinase assay with antibodies specific for SIPK or wounding-induced protein kinase, we demonstrate that this wounding-activated 48-kDa kinase is SIPK, rather than wounding-induced protein kinase, as reported [Seo, S., Okamoto, M., Seto, H., Ishizuka, K., Sano, H. & Ohashi, Y. (1995) Science 270, 1988-1992]. Activation of SIPK after wounding was associated with tyrosine phosphorylation but not with increases in SIPK mRNA or protein levels. Thus, the same mitogen-activated protein kinase, SIPK, appears to facilitate signaling for two distinct pathways that lead to disease resistance responses and wounding responses.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Infiltrated salicylic acid and fungal elicitors activate SIPK in tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- salicylic acid and fungal elicitorse1
- Gene
- SIPKe0
- Outcome
- SIPKe0
- Direction
- activatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infiltration of these agents into tobacco leaves also activates SIPK”
e1“both salicylic acid and fungal elicitors activate a 48-kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase termed salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water infiltration activated a kinase of the same size in tobacco leaves.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- watere0
- Outcome
- kinasee0
- Direction
- activatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infiltration of water alone activated a kinase of the same size”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Kinase activation kinetics differed among treatments in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- kinetics of kinase activatione0
- Direction
- differe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The kinetics of kinase activation, however, differ for these different treatments”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting and abrasion wounding activated a 48-kDa kinase in tobacco.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- cutting and wounding by abrasione0
- Outcome
- 48-kDa kinasee0
- Direction
- activatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Various mechanical stresses, including cutting and wounding by abrasion, also activated a 48-kDa kinase”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
The wounding-activated 48-kDa kinase was identified as SIPK.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- SIPKe0
- Outcome
- wounding-activated 48-kDa kinase is SIPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this wounding-activated 48-kDa kinase is SIPK, rather than wounding-induced protein kinase”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding activation of SIPK was associated with tyrosine phosphorylation.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- woundinge0
- Gene
- SIPKe0
- Outcome
- tyrosine phosphorylatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activation of SIPK after wounding was associated with tyrosine phosphorylation”
t0“tobacco”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding activation of SIPK was not associated with higher SIPK mRNA or protein levels.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- SIPKe0
- Outcome
- SIPK mRNA or protein levelse0
- Direction
- not with increasese0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“not with increases in SIPK mRNA or protein levels”
t0“tobacco”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: hormones · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
resistance inducer · physiology: hormones · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.