Abstract
This study was carried out to understand the long-term effects of organic waste treatments on the fate of heavy metals in soils originated from the organic wastes and consequent uptake of heavy metals by plant, together with examination of changes in soil properties and plant growth performance. In this study, the soils treated with three different organic wastes (municipal sewage sludge, alcohol fermentation processing sludge, pig manure compost) at three different rates (12.5, 25.0, 50.0 ton $ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$) for 7 years (1994 - 2000) were used. To see the long-term effect, plant growth study and soil examination were conducted twice in 2000 and 2010, respectively. There was no additional treatments of organic wastes for 10 years after the organic waste treatment for 7 years. Compared to plant growth examination conducted in 2000 using radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari), it appeared that height, root length and diameter, fresh weight of radish grown in 2010 decreased in the plots treated with municipal sewage sludge and alcohol fermentation processing sludge and that the extent of decrease was higher with increase of sludge application rates. On the other hand, pig compost treatment increased plant height, root length and diameter, fresh weight with increasing application rates. Cu and Pb concentrations in radish root and leaves increased in 2010 compared to those in 2000 while Ni concentrations in root and leaves decreased. Zn concentration was increased only in the soils treated with pig manure compost. Multiple regression analysis among heavy metal species fractions in soils, soil pH, and metal concentrations in radish root and leaves indicated that the metal uptake by radish was governed mainly by the soil pH and subsequent increase of available heavy metal fractions in soils with organic waste treatments.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Municipal sewage sludge plots had lower radish height, root length, diameter and fresh weight in 2010 than in 2000, with larger decreases at higher rates.
- Taxon
- Radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Treatment
- municipal sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- height, root length and diameter, fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- higher with increase of sludge application ratese0
- Comparator
- 2000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“height, root length and diameter, fresh weight of radish grown in 2010 decreased in the plots treated with municipal sewage sludge and alcohol fermentation processing sludge and that the extent of decrease was higher with increase of sludge application rates”
e1“plant growth examination conducted in 2000 using radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Alcohol fermentation processing sludge plots had lower radish height, root length, diameter and fresh weight in 2010 than in 2000, with larger decreases at higher rates.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- alcohol fermentation processing sludgee0
- Outcome
- height, root length and diameter, fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 2000e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“height, root length and diameter, fresh weight of radish grown in 2010 decreased in the plots treated with municipal sewage sludge and alcohol fermentation processing sludge and that the extent of decrease was higher with increase of sludge application rates”
e1“plant growth examination conducted in 2000 using radish”
Claim · model-written summary
Pig compost increased radish height, root length, diameter and fresh weight with increasing application rates.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- pig compost treatmente0
- Outcome
- plant height, root length and diameter, fresh weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- increasing application ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“pig compost treatment increased plant height, root length and diameter, fresh weight with increasing application rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Radish root and leaf Cu concentrations increased in 2010 compared with 2000.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Outcome
- Cue0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 2000e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“Cu and Pb concentrations in radish root and leaves increased in 2010 compared to those in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Radish root and leaf Pb concentrations increased in 2010 compared with 2000.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Outcome
- Pb concentrations in radish root and leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 2000e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“Cu and Pb concentrations in radish root and leaves increased in 2010 compared to those in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
Radish root and leaf Ni concentrations decreased in 2010 compared with 2000.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Outcome
- Ni concentrations in root and leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“Ni concentrations in root and leaves decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn concentration increased only in soil treated with pig manure compost.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- pig manure composte0
- Outcome
- Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“Zn concentration was increased only in the soils treated with pig manure compost”
Claim · model-written summary
Regression indicated radish metal uptake was governed mainly by soil pH and increased available soil metal fractions after organic waste treatments.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Outcome
- metal uptakee0
- Qualifier
- soil pH and subsequent increase of available heavy metal fractionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish (Raphanus sativus cv. sodamaltari)”
e0“metal uptake by radish was governed mainly by the soil pH and subsequent increase of available heavy metal fractions in soils with organic waste treatments”
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See all 111 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.