Abstract
Abstract Little information is available regarding the effects of herbicides on annual weeds in processing peas ( Pisum sativum L.) and on the peas themselves. Therefore, field experiments were conducted over a 2‐year period to assess the relationship between annual weed control with herbicides and pea production. Herbicide treatments of α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2,6‐dinitro‐ N , N ‐dipropyl‐ p ‐toluidine (trifluralin), 2‐chloro‐2,6‐diethyl‐ N ‐(methoxymethyl)acetanilide (alachlor), 2‐chloro‐N‐isopropylacetanilide (propachlor) 2‐(4‐chloro‐6‐ethylamino‐ s ‐triazine‐2‐ylamino) ‐2‐methylproprionitrile (cyanazine), [(4‐chloro‐o‐tolyl)‐oxy] acetic acid (MCPA), 4‐[(4‐chloro‐o‐toyly)‐oxy] butyric acid (MCPB), and MCPB plus 2,2‐dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) were applied to ‘Alaska‐’ and ‘Perfection’‐type pea cultivars. Satisfactory control of most grass and broadleaf weeds was obtained with trifluralin, alachlor, propachlor, and cyanazine. MCPA and MCPB gave partial control of broadleaf weeds but did not improve pea yield. The combination of MCPB and dalapon gave moderate weed control and subsequent moderate yield increases in the Perfections. Significant reduction in stands of both Alaska and Perfection peas resulted from trifluralin application; substantial reduction in shelled‐pea yield, however, occurred only in the Alaska. Severe injury to pea plants was caused by cyanazine in 1970, but not in 1971 when abnormally low rainfall was received. No injury to pea plants was observed from applications of either alachlor or propachlor. Under the conditions tested propachlor at 5.6 kg/ha and the combination of dalapon and MCPB at 1.1 and 0.8 kg/ha provided the most satisfactory annual weed control with the least risk of crop injury.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin satisfactorily controlled most grass and broadleaf weeds.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- trifluraline0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of most grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- Satisfactorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Satisfactory control of most grass and broadleaf weeds was obtained with trifluralin, alachlor, propachlor, and cyanazine.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Alachlor satisfactorily controlled most grass and broadleaf weeds.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- alachlore0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of most grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- Satisfactorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Satisfactory control of most grass and broadleaf weeds was obtained with trifluralin, alachlor, propachlor, and cyanazine.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Propachlor satisfactorily controlled most grass and broadleaf weeds.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- propachlore0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of most grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- Satisfactorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Satisfactory control of most grass and broadleaf weeds was obtained with trifluralin, alachlor, propachlor, and cyanazine.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanazine satisfactorily controlled most grass and broadleaf weeds.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- cyanazinee0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of most grass and broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- Satisfactorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Satisfactory control of most grass and broadleaf weeds was obtained with trifluralin, alachlor, propachlor, and cyanazine.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
MCPA partially controlled broadleaf weeds without improving pea yield.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- MCPAe0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- partial control of broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- partiale0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MCPA and MCPB gave partial control of broadleaf weeds but did not improve pea yield.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
MCPB partially controlled broadleaf weeds.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- MCPBe0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- partial control of broadleaf weedse0
- Direction
- partiale0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MCPA and MCPB gave partial control of broadleaf weeds but did not improve pea yield.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither MCPA nor MCPB improved pea yield.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MCPA and MCPB gave partial control of broadleaf weeds but did not improve pea yield.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
MCPB and dalapon moderately controlled weeds.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Treatment
- MCPB and dalapone0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- moderatee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The combination of MCPB and dalapon gave moderate weed control and subsequent moderate yield increases in the Perfections.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
MCPB and dalapon moderately increased yield in Perfection peas.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Material
- Perfectionse0
- Treatment
- MCPB and dalapone0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The combination of MCPB and dalapon gave moderate weed control and subsequent moderate yield increases in the Perfections.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin significantly reduced stands of Alaska peas.
- Taxon
- peas
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Material
- Alaskae0
- Treatment
- trifluraline0
- Outcome
- standse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant reduction in stands of both Alaska and Perfection peas resulted from trifluralin application”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin significantly reduced stands of Perfection peas.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Material
- Perfectione0
- Treatment
- trifluraline0
- Outcome
- standse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant reduction in stands of both Alaska and Perfection peas resulted from trifluralin application”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin substantially reduced shelled-pea yield only in Alaska peas.
- Taxon
- processing peast0
- Material
- Alaskae0
- Treatment
- trifluraline1
- Outcome
- shelled‐pea yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“substantial reduction in shelled‐pea yield, however, occurred only in the Alaska.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanazine severely injured pea plants in 1970.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- cyanazinee0
- Outcome
- injury to pea plantse0
- Direction
- Severee0
- Qualifier
- in 1970e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Severe injury to pea plants was caused by cyanazine in 1970, but not in 1971 when abnormally low rainfall was received.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyanazine did not injure pea plants in low-rainfall 1971.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- cyanazinee0
- Outcome
- injury to pea plantse0
- Direction
- note0
- Qualifier
- in 1971 when abnormally low rainfall was receivede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Severe injury to pea plants was caused by cyanazine in 1970, but not in 1971 when abnormally low rainfall was received.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither alachlor nor propachlor visibly injured pea plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- alachlor or propachlore0
- Outcome
- injury to pea plantse0
- Direction
- Noe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No injury to pea plants was observed from applications of either alachlor or propachlor.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors favored propachlor at 5.6 kg/ha for weed control with low crop injury risk.
Verbatim
e0“propachlor at 5.6 kg/ha and the combination of dalapon and MCPB at 1.1 and 0.8 kg/ha provided the most satisfactory annual weed control with the least risk of crop injury.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors favored dalapon and MCPB at 1.1 and 0.8 kg/ha for weed control with low crop injury risk.
Verbatim
e0“propachlor at 5.6 kg/ha and the combination of dalapon and MCPB at 1.1 and 0.8 kg/ha provided the most satisfactory annual weed control with the least risk of crop injury.”
t0“Processing Peas”
e1“trifluralin application”
The same questions in other papers
trifluralin · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxybutyric acid · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
alachlor · weed · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
alachlor · crop injury · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
trifluralin · weed · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
propachlor · weed · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.