Abstract
Yield responses were measured of six winter wheats to field infections with Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV). In addition to the natural incidence of virus, the range of infection levels was widened by aphicide spraying of some plots and the addition of artificially propagated viruliferous aphids to others. Significant grain yield losses attributable to natural infections by BYDV were found for all wheats despite the main infection period being in the spring. The addition of viruliferous aphids only marginally decreased yields further. Spraying with aphicides did not exclude infection but did reduce the incidence of BYDV and increase yields. A significant negative linear correlation between grain yield and percentage infection applied to each wheat genotype. The slope of the yield response appears to be a more useful measurement for comparing tolerance to BYDV of differing cereal lines than do proportional yield losses. Of the six wheats tested, Lawson, Birch 41, Birch 75, Owlet and Isis had similar tolerances to BYDV, despite substantial differences in absolute yields, while W71 was considerably more vulnerable. The mean natural incidence of BYDV in the main trial was 67%, producing an expected grain yield loss of about 2.2 t ha-1 for W71 and about 1.1 t ha-1 for the other five wheats. Effects on grain protein and potential control measures are also discussed.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Natural BYDV infections caused significant grain yield losses in all winter wheats despite a spring infection period.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- all wheatse1
- Treatment
- natural infections by BYDVe1
- Interactor
- BYDV
Barley yellow dwarf viruse1pathogen - Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Qualifier
- despite the main infection period being in the springe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e1“Significant grain yield losses attributable to natural infections by BYDV were found for all wheats despite the main infection period being in the spring”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding viruliferous aphids only marginally decreased winter wheat yields further.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- addition of viruliferous aphidse2
- Interactor
- viruliferous aphidse2pest
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Qualifier
- only marginallye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e2“The addition of viruliferous aphids only marginally decreased yields further”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying with aphicides reduced the incidence of BYDV in winter wheat, although it did not exclude infection.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Spraying with aphicidese3
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse3pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of BYDVe3
- Direction
- reducee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e3“Spraying with aphicides did not exclude infection but did reduce the incidence of BYDV and increase yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying with aphicides increased winter wheat yields.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Spraying with aphicidese3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e3“Spraying with aphicides did not exclude infection but did reduce the incidence of BYDV and increase yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying with aphicides did not exclude BYDV infection of winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Spraying with aphicidese3
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse3pathogen
- Outcome
- infectione3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e3“Spraying with aphicides did not exclude infection but did reduce the incidence of BYDV and increase yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was significantly negatively correlated with percentage BYDV infection in each wheat genotype.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- each wheat genotypee4
- Treatment
- percentage infectione4
- Outcome
- grain yielde4
- Direction
- negativee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e4“A significant negative linear correlation between grain yield and percentage infection applied to each wheat genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
The slope of the yield response is a more useful measure than proportional yield losses for comparing BYDV tolerance of wheat lines.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse5pathogen
- Outcome
- slope of the yield responsee5
- Comparator
- proportional yield lossese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e5“The slope of the yield response appears to be a more useful measurement for comparing tolerance to BYDV of differing cereal lines than do proportional yield losses”
Claim · model-written summary
Lawson, Birch 41, Birch 75, Owlet and Isis had similar tolerances to BYDV despite substantial differences in absolute yields.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Lawson, Birch 41, Birch 75, Owlet and Isise6
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse6pathogen
- Outcome
- tolerances to BYDVe6
- Qualifier
- despite substantial differences in absolute yieldse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e6“Lawson, Birch 41, Birch 75, Owlet and Isis had similar tolerances to BYDV, despite substantial differences in absolute yields, while W71 was considerably more vulnerable”
Claim · model-written summary
W71 was considerably more vulnerable to BYDV than the other wheats.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- W71e6
- Interactor
- BYDVBarley yellow dwarf viruse6pathogen
- Outcome
- vulnerablee6
- Qualifier
- considerably moree6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e6“Lawson, Birch 41, Birch 75, Owlet and Isis had similar tolerances to BYDV, despite substantial differences in absolute yields, while W71 was considerably more vulnerable”
Claim · model-written summary
W71 had an expected grain yield loss of about 2.2 t ha-1 at a mean natural BYDV incidence of 67%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- W71e7
- Treatment
- natural incidence of BYDVe7
- Outcome
- expected grain yield losse7
- Value
- 2.2 t ha-1e7
- Qualifier
- mean natural incidence of BYDV in the main trial was 67%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e7“The mean natural incidence of BYDV in the main trial was 67%, producing an expected grain yield loss of about 2.2 t ha-1 for W71 and about 1.1 t ha-1 for the other five wheats”
Claim · model-written summary
The other five winter wheats had an expected grain yield loss of about 1.1 t ha-1 at a mean natural BYDV incidence of 67%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- the other five wheatse7
- Treatment
- natural incidence of BYDVe7
- Outcome
- expected grain yield losse7
- Value
- 1.1 t ha-1e7
- Qualifier
- mean natural incidence of BYDV in the main trial was 67%e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“winter wheat”
e7“The mean natural incidence of BYDV in the main trial was 67%, producing an expected grain yield loss of about 2.2 t ha-1 for W71 and about 1.1 t ha-1 for the other five wheats”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.