Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) have been reported to counteract various stresses. We investigated effects of exogenously applied brassinosteroid, 24-epibrassinolide (EBR), and brassinosteroid-mimic compound, 7,8-dihydro-8α-20-hydroxyecdysone (DHECD), on the photosynthetic efficiency and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Pathum Thani 1) under heat stress. Solutions (1 nM) of EBR and DHECD were separately sprayed onto foliage of individual rice plants during their reproductive stage. Five days after the application, the plants were transferred to the day/night temperature regime of 40/30°C for 7 days and then allowed to recover at normal temperature for 7 days. We demonstrated that both DHECD and EBR helped maintain the net photosynthetic rate. The DHECD and EBR application enhanced stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation, and water-use efficiency under the high-temperature regime. DHECD- and EBR-treated plants showed an increase in the nonphotochemical quenching that was lower than that in the control plants. Moreover, DHECD and EBR treatments maintained the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and the efficiency of excitation capture of the open PSII center. Furthermore, the treatments with DHECD or EBR resulted in higher chlorophyll content during the heat treatment compared with the control plants. The paddy field application of 1 nM EBR and/or 1 nM DHECD at the reproductive stage during the hot season could increase the rice yield, especially, the number of filled seeds. DHECD and EBR enhanced total soluble sugar and reducing sugar in straw and more starch was accumulated in rice seeds. Consequently, our results confirmed that DHECD showed biological activities mimicking EBR in the improvement of photosynthetic efficiency and in rising the rice yield under heat stress.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD helped maintain net photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- DHECDe0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- maintaine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We demonstrated that both DHECD and EBR helped maintain the net photosynthetic rate.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR helped maintain net photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- maintaine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We demonstrated that both DHECD and EBR helped maintain the net photosynthetic rate.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD enhanced stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation and water-use efficiency under heat.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- DHECDe0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation, and water-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- high-temperature regimee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The DHECD and EBR application enhanced stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation, and water-use efficiency under the high-temperature regime.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR enhanced stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation and water-use efficiency under heat.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation, and water-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- high-temperature regimee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The DHECD and EBR application enhanced stomatal conductance, stomatal limitation, and water-use efficiency under the high-temperature regime.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD increased nonphotochemical quenching, but less than controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- DHECDe0
- Outcome
- nonphotochemical quenchinge0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DHECD- and EBR-treated plants showed an increase in the nonphotochemical quenching that was lower than that in the control plants.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR increased nonphotochemical quenching, but less than controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- nonphotochemical quenchinge0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DHECD- and EBR-treated plants showed an increase in the nonphotochemical quenching that was lower than that in the control plants.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD maintained two PSII efficiency measures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- DHECDe0
- Outcome
- maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and the efficiency of excitation capture of the open PSII centere0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, DHECD and EBR treatments maintained the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and the efficiency of excitation capture of the open PSII center.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR maintained two PSII efficiency measures.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and the efficiency of excitation capture of the open PSII centere0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, DHECD and EBR treatments maintained the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and the efficiency of excitation capture of the open PSII center.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD raised chlorophyll content during heat treatment versus controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- DHECDe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- during the heat treatmente0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the treatments with DHECD or EBR resulted in higher chlorophyll content during the heat treatment compared with the control plants.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR raised chlorophyll content during heat treatment versus controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- during the heat treatmente0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the treatments with DHECD or EBR resulted in higher chlorophyll content during the heat treatment compared with the control plants.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
1 nM EBR could increase rice yield in hot-season paddy fields.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Treatment
- 1 nM EBRe0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- paddy fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The paddy field application of 1 nM EBR and/or 1 nM DHECD at the reproductive stage during the hot season could increase the rice yield, especially, the number of filled seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
1 nM DHECD could increase rice yield in hot-season paddy fields.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Treatment
- 1 nM DHECDe0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- paddy fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The paddy field application of 1 nM EBR and/or 1 nM DHECD at the reproductive stage during the hot season could increase the rice yield, especially, the number of filled seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
1 nM EBR could increase filled seed number in hot-season paddy fields.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Treatment
- 1 nM EBRe0
- Outcome
- number of filled seedse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- paddy fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The paddy field application of 1 nM EBR and/or 1 nM DHECD at the reproductive stage during the hot season could increase the rice yield, especially, the number of filled seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
1 nM DHECD could increase filled seed number in hot-season paddy fields.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- reproductive stagee0
- Treatment
- 1 nM DHECDe0
- Outcome
- number of filled seedse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- paddy fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The paddy field application of 1 nM EBR and/or 1 nM DHECD at the reproductive stage during the hot season could increase the rice yield, especially, the number of filled seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD enhanced soluble and reducing sugars in straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- DHECDe0
- Outcome
- total soluble sugar and reducing sugare0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DHECD and EBR enhanced total soluble sugar and reducing sugar in straw and more starch was accumulated in rice seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR enhanced soluble and reducing sugars in straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- EBRe0
- Outcome
- total soluble sugar and reducing sugare0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DHECD and EBR enhanced total soluble sugar and reducing sugar in straw and more starch was accumulated in rice seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DHECD increased starch accumulation in rice seeds.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DHECD and EBR enhanced total soluble sugar and reducing sugar in straw and more starch was accumulated in rice seeds.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
EBR increased starch accumulation in rice seeds.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DHECD and EBR enhanced total soluble sugar and reducing sugar in straw and more starch was accumulated in rice seeds.”
t0“rice”
The same questions in other papers
24-epi-brassinolide · physiology: pigments · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
24-epi-brassinolide · physiology: gas exchange · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
24-epi-brassinolide · physiology: osmolytes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
24-epi-brassinolide · physiology: photosynthesis · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
24-epi-brassinolide · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.