Abstract
The efficacy of brassicaceous seed meals for the control of apple replant disease and the effects of such treatments on the causal pathogen complex were examined in conventional and organic production systems. When used in conjunction with a postplant application of mefenoxam, Brassica juncea and Sinapis alba seed meal soil amendments were as effective as preplant fumigation of soil with 1,3-dichloropropene-chloropicrin in terms of disease control, tree growth, and overall fruit yields of Gala/M26. Brassica napus seed meal amendment-mefenoxam soil drench also enhanced yields in a manner comparable to preplant fumigation, but vegetative growth was intermediate between the control and fumigation treatments. When applied alone, seed meal amendments failed to enhance tree growth or control disease to the level attained in response to soil fumigation. Postplant mefenoxam treatments revealed that failure of seed meal amendments to enhance tree growth and yield when used independently was due, at least in part, to increased apple root infection by Pythium spp. in B. napus and S. alba seed meal-amended soils, and by Phytophthora cambivora in B. juncea-amended soil. As mefenoxam treatment is not compatible with organic cropping systems, a seed meal blend was formulated which, based upon biological activity, was predicted to suppress known components of the target pathogen complex without need of additional treatment. Gala/M26 trees planted in soils treated with a 1:1 ratio of B. juncea:B. napus seed meal blend performed as well in terms of disease control and vegetative growth as trees cultivated in fumigated soil at an organic-certified orchard. Because these trials utilized the highly susceptible rootstock M26, the results demonstrate that these amendments are a viable alternative to soil fumigation for the control of apple replant disease in both conventional and organic systems.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica juncea seed meal with mefenoxam matched fumigation for disease control, growth and yield.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- Gala/M26e0
- Treatment
- Brassica junceae0
- Outcome
- disease control, tree growth, and overall fruit yieldse0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- preplant fumigation of soil with 1,3-dichloropropene-chloropicrine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica juncea and Sinapis alba seed meal soil amendments were as effective as preplant fumigation of soil with 1,3-dichloropropene-chloropicrin in terms of disease control, tree growth, and overall fruit yields of Gala/M26.”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Sinapis alba seed meal with mefenoxam matched fumigation for disease control, growth and yield.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Gala/M26e0
- Treatment
- Sinapis albae0
- Outcome
- disease control, tree growth, and overall fruit yieldse0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- preplant fumigation of soil with 1,3-dichloropropene-chloropicrine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica juncea and Sinapis alba seed meal soil amendments were as effective as preplant fumigation of soil with 1,3-dichloropropene-chloropicrin in terms of disease control, tree growth, and overall fruit yields of Gala/M26.”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica napus seed meal with mefenoxam enhanced yield comparably to fumigation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Brassica napus seed meal amendment-mefenoxam soil drenche0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- preplant fumigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica napus seed meal amendment-mefenoxam soil drench also enhanced yields in a manner comparable to preplant fumigation”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Brassica napus treatment gave vegetative growth intermediate between control and fumigation.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Brassica napuse0
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- intermediatee0
- Comparator
- the control and fumigation treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Brassica napus seed meal amendment-mefenoxam soil drench also enhanced yields in a manner comparable to preplant fumigation, but vegetative growth was intermediate between the control and fumigation treatments.”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendments alone did not match fumigation for tree growth or disease control.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- seed meal amendmentse0
- Outcome
- tree growth or control diseasee0
- Direction
- failed to enhancee0
- Comparator
- soil fumigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When applied alone, seed meal amendments failed to enhance tree growth or control disease to the level attained in response to soil fumigation.”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
B. napus seed meal alone increased apple root infection by Pythium spp.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- B. napuse0
- Outcome
- apple root infection by Pythium spp.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“increased apple root infection by Pythium spp. in B. napus and S. alba seed meal-amended soils”
Claim · model-written summary
S. alba seed meal alone increased apple root infection by Pythium spp.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- S. albae0
- Outcome
- apple root infection by Pythium spp.e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased apple root infection by Pythium spp. in B. napus and S. alba seed meal-amended soils”
Claim · model-written summary
B. juncea seed meal alone increased apple root infection by Phytophthora cambivora.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- B. junceae0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora cambivorae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Phytophthora cambivorae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by Phytophthora cambivora in B. juncea-amended soil.”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
A 1:1 B. juncea:B. napus blend matched fumigated soil for disease control and vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Gala/M26e0
- Treatment
- 1:1 ratio of B. juncea:B. napus seed meal blende0
- Outcome
- disease control and vegetative growthe0
- Direction
- performed as welle0
- Comparator
- trees cultivated in fumigated soile0
- Setting
- organic-certified orcharde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gala/M26 trees planted in soils treated with a 1:1 ratio of B. juncea:B. napus seed meal blend performed as well in terms of disease control and vegetative growth as trees cultivated in fumigated soil at an organic-certified orchard.”
t0“Apple Replant Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify seed meal amendments as a viable alternative to fumigation for apple replant disease.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- viable alternative to soil fumigation for the control of apple replant diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these amendments are a viable alternative to soil fumigation for the control of apple replant disease in both conventional and organic systems.”
The same questions in other papers
Brassica napus · control · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Brassica juncea · control · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Brassica juncea · organism · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Brassica napus · Pythium · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
Brassica napus · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
other · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →application · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 32 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
137 papers more in this group
See all 141 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.