Abstract
ABSTRACT The impact of Brassica napus seed meal on the microbial complex that incites apple replant disease was evaluated in greenhouse trials. Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans. High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments did not consistently suppress soil populations of Pythium spp. or apple root infection by this pathogen. Application of a low glucosinolate containing B. napus seed meal at a rate of 1.0% (vol/vol) resulted in a significant increase in recovery of Pythium spp. from apple roots, and a corresponding reduction in apple seedling root biomass. When applied at lower rates, B. napus seed meal amendments enhanced populations of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., but these bacteria were not recovered from soils amended with seed meal at a rate of 2% (vol/vol). Seed meal amendments resulted in increased soil populations of total bacteria and actinomycetes. B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments were phytotoxic to apple when applied at a rate of 2% (vol/vol), and phytotoxicity was not diminished when planting was delayed for as long as 12 weeks after application. These findings suggest that B. napus seed meal amendments can be a useful tool in the management of apple replant disease and, in the case of Rhizoctonia spp., that disease control operates through mechanisms other than production of glucosinolate hydrolysis products.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendment at 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced apple growth.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae1 - Treatment
- seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol)e1
- Outcome
- growth of applee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendment at 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol)e1
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia spp.
.jpg?width=60)
Rhizoctoniae1pathogen - Outcome
- apple root infectione1
- Direction
- suppressede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendment at 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly suppressed apple root infection by Pratylenchus penetrans.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol)e1
- Interactor
- Pratylenchus penetrans
Pratylenchus penetranse1pathogen - Outcome
- apple root infectione1
- Direction
- suppressede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
High glucosinolate B. napus seed meal did not consistently suppress soil populations of Pythium spp.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendmentse2
- Outcome
- soil populations of Pythium spp.e2
- Direction
- did not consistently suppresse2
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PythiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments did not consistently suppress soil populations of Pythium spp. or apple root infection by this pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
High glucosinolate B. napus seed meal did not consistently suppress apple root infection by Pythium spp.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae2
- Treatment
- High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendmentse2
- Outcome
- apple root infectione2
- Direction
- did not consistently suppresse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments did not consistently suppress soil populations of Pythium spp. or apple root infection by this pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Low glucosinolate B. napus seed meal at 1.0% (vol/vol) significantly increased recovery of Pythium spp. from apple roots.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae3
- Treatment
- low glucosinolate containing B. napus seed meal at a rate of 1.0% (vol/vol)e3
- Outcome
- recovery of Pythium spp. from apple rootse3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Application of a low glucosinolate containing B. napus seed meal at a rate of 1.0% (vol/vol) resulted in a significant increase in recovery of Pythium spp. from apple roots, and a corresponding reduction in apple seedling root biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Low glucosinolate B. napus seed meal at 1.0% (vol/vol) reduced apple seedling root biomass.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae3
- Treatment
- low glucosinolate containing B. napus seed meal at a rate of 1.0% (vol/vol)e3
- Outcome
- apple seedling root biomasse3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Application of a low glucosinolate containing B. napus seed meal at a rate of 1.0% (vol/vol) resulted in a significant increase in recovery of Pythium spp. from apple roots, and a corresponding reduction in apple seedling root biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
When applied at lower rates, B. napus seed meal amendments enhanced populations of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- B. napus seed meal amendmentse4
- Interactor
- fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.e4other
- Outcome
- populations of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.e4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- When applied at lower ratese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“When applied at lower rates, B. napus seed meal amendments enhanced populations of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.”
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. were not recovered from soils amended with seed meal at 2% (vol/vol).
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- seed meal at a rate of 2% (vol/vol)e5
- Interactor
- fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.e4other
- Outcome
- recoverede5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“When applied at lower rates, B. napus seed meal amendments enhanced populations of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.”
e5“these bacteria were not recovered from soils amended with seed meal at a rate of 2% (vol/vol)”
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendments increased soil populations of total bacteria and actinomycetes.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- Seed meal amendmentse6
- Outcome
- soil populations of total bacteria and actinomycetese6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Seed meal amendments resulted in increased soil populations of total bacteria and actinomycetes”
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments were phytotoxic to apple at 2% (vol/vol).
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae7
- Treatment
- B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendmentse7
- Outcome
- phytotoxic to applee7
- Qualifier
- applied at a rate of 2% (vol/vol)e7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments were phytotoxic to apple when applied at a rate of 2% (vol/vol)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytotoxicity of the seed meal was not diminished when planting was delayed for 12 weeks after application.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae7
- Treatment
- planting was delayed for as long as 12 weeks after applicatione0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- not diminishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phytotoxicity was not diminished when planting was delayed for as long as 12 weeks after application”
e7“B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments were phytotoxic to apple when applied at a rate of 2% (vol/vol)”
Claim · model-written summary
For Rhizoctonia spp., disease control by seed meal operates through mechanisms other than glucosinolate hydrolysis products.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia spp.Rhizoctoniae0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Qualifier
- mechanisms other than production of glucosinolate hydrolysis productse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the case of Rhizoctonia spp., that disease control operates through mechanisms other than production of glucosinolate hydrolysis products”
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed meal amendments are a useful tool in the management of apple replant disease.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae1
- Outcome
- management of apple replant diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these findings suggest that B. napus seed meal amendments can be a useful tool in the management of apple replant disease”
e1“Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans”
The same questions in other papers
Brassica napus · Pythium · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
other · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →other · Pythium · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
other · Pratylenchus penetrans · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.