Abstract
Influence of Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Fe2+ in various pH conditions (5.0, 6.0, 7.0) on the uptake and assimilation of NH4+ by cucumber seedlings was estimated. Every metal in different pH of uptake solution distinctly reduced ammonium absorption calculated from NH4+ depletion. Copper and ferric ions, but not cadmium or lead, astonishingly decreased the uptake of ammonium from solution at pH 5.0. Cu2+ was also very active at pH 6.0. The accumulation of ammonium in roots of metals-treated seedlings at the same time was high. The high level of ammonium in root cells despite of its low uptake probably resulted from disturbance in NH4+ assimilation. Both glutamine synthetase (GS) and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) - the major enzymes in ammonium assimilation, were inhibited after one hour of plant exposition to the metals. Similarly as in the case of ammonium uptake, the influence of pH was visible only in combination with copper and ferric ions. The strongest reduction of enzyme activities was observed for Cu2+ and Fe2+, in pH 5.0 and 6.0. The various metals absorption by roots from solutions with different pH was not dedected. The data show correlation between metal inhibition of GS and NADH-GDH activities and metal inhibition of ammonium absorption.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Cu2+ reduced ammonium absorption across pH conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlings
Cucumis sativuse2 - Treatment
- Cu2+e1
- Outcome
- ammonium absorptione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- different pH of uptake solutione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Every metal in different pH of uptake solution distinctly reduced ammonium absorption calculated from NH4+ depletion”
e1“Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Fe2+”
e2“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd2+ reduced ammonium absorption across pH conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- Cd2+e1
- Outcome
- ammonium absorptione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- different pH of uptake solutione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Every metal in different pH of uptake solution distinctly reduced ammonium absorption calculated from NH4+ depletion”
e1“Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Fe2+”
e2“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Pb2+ reduced ammonium absorption across pH conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- Pb2+e1
- Outcome
- ammonium absorptione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- different pH of uptake solutione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Every metal in different pH of uptake solution distinctly reduced ammonium absorption calculated from NH4+ depletion”
e1“Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Fe2+”
e2“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe2+ reduced ammonium absorption across pH conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- Fe2+e1
- Outcome
- ammonium absorptione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- different pH of uptake solutione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Every metal in different pH of uptake solution distinctly reduced ammonium absorption calculated from NH4+ depletion”
e1“Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Fe2+”
e2“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper decreased ammonium uptake at pH 5.0.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- Coppere0
- Outcome
- uptake of ammoniume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at pH 5.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Copper and ferric ions, but not cadmium or lead, astonishingly decreased the uptake of ammonium from solution at pH 5.0”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
ferric ions decreased ammonium uptake at pH 5.0.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- ferric ionse0
- Outcome
- uptake of ammoniume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- at pH 5.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Copper and ferric ions, but not cadmium or lead, astonishingly decreased the uptake of ammonium from solution at pH 5.0”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu2+ also reduced ammonium uptake at pH 6.0.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- Cu2+e0
- Outcome
- uptake of ammoniume2
- Qualifier
- at pH 6.0e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu2+ was also very active at pH 6.0”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
e2“uptake of ammonium from solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium accumulated in roots of metal-treated seedlings despite low uptake.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- metals-treatede0
- Outcome
- accumulation of ammoniume0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of ammonium in roots of metals-treated seedlings at the same time was high”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest disturbed assimilation explains high root ammonium despite low uptake.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Organ / stage
- root cellse0
- Outcome
- high level of ammoniume0
- Qualifier
- disturbance in NH4+ assimilatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high level of ammonium in root cells despite of its low uptake probably resulted from disturbance in NH4+ assimilation”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal exposure inhibited glutamine synthetase (GS) activity after one hour.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- the metalse0
- Gene
- glutamine synthetase (GS)e0
- Outcome
- enzymes in ammonium assimilatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- after one houre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both glutamine synthetase (GS) and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) - the major enzymes in ammonium assimilation, were inhibited after one hour of plant exposition to the metals”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal exposure inhibited NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) activity after one hour.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- the metalse0
- Gene
- NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH)e0
- Outcome
- enzymes in ammonium assimilatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- after one houre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both glutamine synthetase (GS) and NADH-glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) - the major enzymes in ammonium assimilation, were inhibited after one hour of plant exposition to the metals”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu2+ caused the strongest reduction of enzyme activities at pH 5.0 and 6.0.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- Cu2+e0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- strongest reductione0
- Qualifier
- pH 5.0 and 6.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strongest reduction of enzyme activities was observed for Cu2+ and Fe2+, in pH 5.0 and 6.0”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe2+ caused the strongest reduction of enzyme activities at pH 5.0 and 6.0.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- Fe2+e0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- strongest reductione0
- Qualifier
- pH 5.0 and 6.0e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strongest reduction of enzyme activities was observed for Cu2+ and Fe2+, in pH 5.0 and 6.0”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal absorption by roots did not differ across solution pH conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- metals absorptione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“various metals absorption by roots from solutions with different pH was not dedected”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Metal inhibition of assimilation enzymes correlated with inhibition of ammonium absorption.
- Taxon
- cucumber seedlingsCucumis sativuse1
- Treatment
- metale0
- Gene
- GS and NADH-GDHe0
- Outcome
- ammonium absorptione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“correlation between metal inhibition of GS and NADH-GDH activities and metal inhibition of ammonium absorption”
e1“cucumber seedlings”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.