Abstract
Copper (Cu) toxicity in plants may lead to iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) deficiencies. Here, we investigated the effect of Si and Fe supply on the concentrations of micronutrients and metal-chelating amino acids nicotianamine (NA) and histidine (His) in leaves of cucumber plants exposed to Cu in excess. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days. High Cu and decreased Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations were found in Cu treatment. Additional Fe supply had a more pronounced effect in decreasing Cu accumulation and improving the molar ratio between micronutrients as compared to the Si supply. However, the simultaneous supply of Fe and Si was the most effective treatment in alleviation of Cu-induced deficiency of Fe, Zn and Mn. Additional Fe supply increased the His but not NA concentration, while Si supply significantly increased both NA and His whereby the NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratios exceeded the control values indicating that Si recruits Cu-chelation to achieve Cu tolerance. In conclusion, Si-mediated alleviation of Cu toxicity was directed toward Cu tolerance while Fe-alleviative effect was due to a dramatic decrease in Cu accumulation.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Copper excess decreased Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations in cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- Cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- 10 µM Cue0
- Outcome
- Zn, Fe and Mn concentrationse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e1“High Cu and decreased Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations were found in Cu treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper treatment gave high Cu concentration in cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- 10 µM Cue0
- Outcome
- High Cue1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e1“High Cu and decreased Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations were found in Cu treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional Fe supply decreased Cu accumulation more strongly than Si supply.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Additional Fe supplye2
- Outcome
- Cu accumulatione2
- Direction
- decreasinge2
- Qualifier
- more pronounced effecte2
- Comparator
- the Si supplye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e2“Additional Fe supply had a more pronounced effect in decreasing Cu accumulation and improving the molar ratio between micronutrients as compared to the Si supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional Fe supply improved the molar ratio between micronutrients compared with Si supply.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Additional Fe supplye2
- Outcome
- the molar ratio between micronutrientse2
- Direction
- improvinge2
- Comparator
- the Si supplye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e2“Additional Fe supply had a more pronounced effect in decreasing Cu accumulation and improving the molar ratio between micronutrients as compared to the Si supply”
Claim · model-written summary
The simultaneous supply of Fe and Si was the most effective treatment in alleviating Cu-induced deficiency of Fe, Zn and Mn.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- the simultaneous supply of Fe and Sie3
- Outcome
- alleviation of Cu-induced deficiency of Fe, Zn and Mne3
- Direction
- the most effectivee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e3“However, the simultaneous supply of Fe and Si was the most effective treatment in alleviation of Cu-induced deficiency of Fe, Zn and Mn”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional Fe supply increased His but not NA concentration in cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Additional Fe supplye4
- Outcome
- His but not NA concentratione4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e4“Additional Fe supply increased the His but not NA concentration, while Si supply significantly increased both NA and His whereby the NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratios exceeded the control values indicating that Si recruits Cu-chelation to achieve Cu tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Si supply significantly increased both NA and His concentrations in cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Si supplye4
- Outcome
- both NA and Hise4
- Direction
- significantly increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e4“Additional Fe supply increased the His but not NA concentration, while Si supply significantly increased both NA and His whereby the NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratios exceeded the control values indicating that Si recruits Cu-chelation to achieve Cu tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Si supply raised the NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratios above control values in cucumber leaves.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Si supplye4
- Outcome
- NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratiose4
- Direction
- exceedede4
- Comparator
- control valuese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e4“Additional Fe supply increased the His but not NA concentration, while Si supply significantly increased both NA and His whereby the NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratios exceeded the control values indicating that Si recruits Cu-chelation to achieve Cu tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Si-mediated alleviation of Cu toxicity is directed toward Cu tolerance, with Si recruiting Cu-chelation.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Si-mediated alleviation of Cu toxicitye5
- Outcome
- Cu tolerancee5
- Qualifier
- Si recruits Cu-chelatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e4“Additional Fe supply increased the His but not NA concentration, while Si supply significantly increased both NA and His whereby the NA:Cu and His:Cu molar ratios exceeded the control values indicating that Si recruits Cu-chelation to achieve Cu tolerance”
e5“In conclusion, Si-mediated alleviation of Cu toxicity was directed toward Cu tolerance while Fe-alleviative effect was due to a dramatic decrease in Cu accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
The Fe alleviation of Cu toxicity is due to a dramatic decrease in Cu accumulation.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Fe-alleviative effecte5
- Outcome
- Cu accumulatione5
- Qualifier
- dramatic decreasee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was treated with 10 µM Cu, and additional 100 µM Fe or/and 1.5 mM Si for five days”
e5“In conclusion, Si-mediated alleviation of Cu toxicity was directed toward Cu tolerance while Fe-alleviative effect was due to a dramatic decrease in Cu accumulation”
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