Abstract
Covering plants with plastic film has been common practice in vegetable growing for early and late markets. Temperature inside of the cover rises higher than 40°C in clear days if ventilating is neglected. Therefore injuries due to high temperature are frequently observed in vegetable crops under the plastic coverings.In this preliminary study on high temperature injury in fruit vegetables, young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant were exposed to artificially controlled high temperatures and their subsequent behaviors were observed.High temperature about 50°C induced necrosis in leaves and stems of these fruit vegetables, especially in their young portions, in relatively short time.Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days showed no visible injury in their leaves and stems, and their growth was as well as that of the control plants, though their leaf color was slightly lighter than that of the control plants, and in egg-plant, development of purple pigment in flowers and leaves was depressed. Nevertheless, in tomato, percentage of fruit setting was significantly lowered, while hormone spray was effective to counteract this disorder. In cucumber, male flowers had not come to bloom since a few days after the end of the treatment.Germination tests of pollen on artificial media revealed that percentage of germinating pollen of these fruit vegetables was decidedly decreased by the treatment. This is assumed to be one of the causes of poor setting of fruits and deformed fruit-formation which are often found in the plants growing under plastic covers.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
About 50°C rapidly caused necrosis in leaves and stems, especially young parts, of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant.
- Taxon
- tomato, cucumber and egg-plant
Cucumis sativus
Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum melongenae1 - Treatment
- High temperature about 50°Ce0
- Outcome
- necrosis in leaves and stemse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature about 50°C induced necrosis in leaves and stems of these fruit vegetables, especially in their young portions, in relatively short time.”
e1“young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to 45°C for 3 hours on five successive days caused no visible leaf or stem injury.
- Taxon
- tomato, cucumber and egg-plantCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five dayse0
- Outcome
- no visible injury in their leaves and stemse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days showed no visible injury in their leaves and stems”
e1“young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth after the repeated 45°C exposure was as good as in controls.
- Taxon
- tomato, cucumber and egg-plantCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five dayse2
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- as well ase0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their growth was as well as that of the control plants”
e1“young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant”
e2“Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves were slightly lighter after repeated 45°C exposure than in controls.
- Taxon
- tomato, cucumber and egg-plantCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five dayse2
- Outcome
- leaf colore0
- Direction
- slightly lightere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their leaf color was slightly lighter than that of the control plants”
e1“young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant”
e2“Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated 45°C exposure depressed purple pigment development in egg-plant flowers and leaves.
- Taxon
- egg-plantSolanum melongenae0
- Treatment
- 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five dayse1
- Outcome
- development of purple pigment in flowers and leavese0
- Direction
- depressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in egg-plant, development of purple pigment in flowers and leaves was depressed”
e1“Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated 45°C exposure significantly lowered fruit setting in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five dayse1
- Outcome
- percentage of fruit settinge0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in tomato, percentage of fruit setting was significantly lowered”
e1“Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone spray counteracted the tomato fruit-setting disorder.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- hormone spraye0
- Outcome
- fruit settinge0
- Direction
- counteracte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in tomato, percentage of fruit setting was significantly lowered, while hormone spray was effective to counteract this disorder”
Claim · model-written summary
Male cucumber flowers did not bloom several days after heat treatment ended.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five dayse1
- Outcome
- male flowers had not come to bloome0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cucumber, male flowers had not come to bloom since a few days after the end of the treatment.”
e1“Plants exposed to 45°C for 3 hours each in successive five days”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatment markedly decreased pollen germination in the fruit vegetables.
- Taxon
- tomato, cucumber and egg-plantCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenae1
- Treatment
- the treatmente0
- Outcome
- percentage of germinating pollene0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“percentage of germinating pollen of these fruit vegetables was decidedly decreased by the treatment”
e1“young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest reduced pollen germination contributes to poor fruit setting and deformed fruits under plastic covers.
- Taxon
- tomato, cucumber and egg-plantCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenae2
- Outcome
- poor setting of fruits and deformed fruit-formatione0
- Qualifier
- percentage of germinating pollene1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This is assumed to be one of the causes of poor setting of fruits and deformed fruit-formation which are often found in the plants growing under plastic covers.”
e1“percentage of germinating pollen of these fruit vegetables was decidedly decreased by the treatment”
e2“young plants of tomato, cucumber and egg-plant”
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See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.