Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen (N) or growth regulator application to small grain cereals near anthesis has been demonstrated to alter grain fill and grain yield, the protein yield and nutritional quality may also be modified by these management factors. The objective of this study was to determine whether delivery of N, growth regulator, or sucrose solutions into greenhouse‐grown barley (Hordeurn vulgare L. cv. Leger) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Katepwa), plants through peduncle perfusion altered the amino acid composition of the grain. The following treatments were tested: N (25 and 50 mM), chlormequat (30 μM), ethephon (15 μM), N + chlormequat, N + ethephon, detillering + N, sucrose (250 mM), distilled water check, and non‐perfused check. Perfusion lasted 30 d beginning 5 to 8 d after spike emergence. Addition of N via peduncle perfusion increased protein concentrations and concentrations of all amino acids in both barley and wheat when expressed in terms of grain dry matter. Protein yield and lysine content were also increased. However, the increase in essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, arginine, and leucine was relatively small, and the proportions of these amino acids in the grain protein were actually reduced. The sucrose treatment only affected wheat, increasing lysine concentration and decreasing the total protein concentration. Growth regulators used in this study did not alter protein yield or amino acid composition in either crop.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen peduncle perfusion increased grain protein and amino acid concentrations per dry matter in barley.
- Taxon
- barley
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Hordeum vulgaree0 - Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- N via peduncle perfusione0
- Outcome
- protein concentrations and concentrations of all amino acidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Addition of N via peduncle perfusion increased protein concentrations and concentrations of all amino acids in both barley and wheat when expressed in terms of grain dry matter.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen peduncle perfusion increased grain protein and amino acid concentrations per dry matter in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- N via peduncle perfusione0
- Outcome
- protein concentrations and concentrations of all amino acidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of N via peduncle perfusion increased protein concentrations and concentrations of all amino acids in both barley and wheat when expressed in terms of grain dry matter.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen perfusion increased protein yield in both barley and wheat.
- Taxon
- barley and wheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Ne1
- Outcome
- Protein yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein yield and lysine content were also increased.”
e1“both barley and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen perfusion increased lysine content in both barley and wheat.
- Taxon
- barley and wheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N via peduncle perfusione2
- Outcome
- lysine contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein yield and lysine content were also increased.”
e1“both barley and wheat”
e2“Addition of N via peduncle perfusion”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen perfusion reduced the proportions of six named essential amino acids in grain protein.
- Taxon
- barley and wheatHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- N via peduncle perfusione3
- Outcome
- proportions of these amino acids in the grain proteine0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, arginine, and leucinee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the proportions of these amino acids in the grain protein were actually reduced.”
e1“lysine, methionine, threonine, isoleucine, arginine, and leucine”
e2“both barley and wheat”
e3“Addition of N via peduncle perfusion”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose perfusion increased lysine concentration in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sucrose treatmente0
- Outcome
- lysine concentratione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sucrose treatment only affected wheat, increasing lysine concentration and decreasing the total protein concentration.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose perfusion decreased total protein concentration in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sucrose treatmente0
- Outcome
- total protein concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sucrose treatment only affected wheat, increasing lysine concentration and decreasing the total protein concentration.”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth regulators did not alter protein yield or amino acid composition in barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- Growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- protein yield or amino acid compositione0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth regulators used in this study did not alter protein yield or amino acid composition in either crop.”
e1“both barley and wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth regulators did not alter protein yield or amino acid composition in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- protein yield or amino acid compositione0
- Direction
- did not altere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth regulators used in this study did not alter protein yield or amino acid composition in either crop.”
e1“both barley and wheat”
The same questions in other papers
sucrose · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
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- positive
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sucrose · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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class · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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399 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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See all 454 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.