Abstract
An excised leaf disc assay was developed for determining the sensitivity of isolates of Plasmopara viticola (causal agent of grapevine downy mildew) to the strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin. Five repeated assays with the same five single-sporangiophore isolates showed that the technique yielded reproducible results; that is, coefficients of variation ranged from 4.0 to 20% (mean 12%) for effective doses for 50% control (ED 50 values) based on disease incidence and from 4.4 to 14% (mean 8.1%) for ED 50 values based on disease severity. Then, the assay was applied to 81 single-sporangiophore isolates of P. viticola collected from 10 geographically distinct vineyards in western New York, providing a baseline distribution of sensitivities within this population. For disease incidence, individual ED 50 values ranged from 0.05 to 0.94 μg/ml (mean 0.40 μg/ml), whereas for disease severity they ranged from 0.04 to 0.78 μg/ml (mean 0.24 μg/ml). When 61 of these isolates were similarly tested at a single discriminatory dose of 0.50 μg/ml, azoxystrobin provided 61% control of disease incidence versus 41 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively; for disease severity (colony diameter), azoxystrobin provided 80% control versus 57 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively. These results provide information that can be utilized in future monitoring of P. viticola resistance to azoxystrobin and indicate differences in the intrinsic activities of the three strobilurin fungicides against this pathogen.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The leaf disc assay gave reproducible ED50 results based on disease incidence.
- Interactor
- Plasmopara viticola
Plasmopara viticolae1pathogen - Outcome
- coefficients of variatione0
- Value
- 4.0 to 20%e0
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“coefficients of variation ranged from 4.0 to 20% (mean 12%) for effective doses for 50% control (ED 50 values) based on disease incidence”
e1“Plasmopara viticola (causal agent of grapevine downy mildew)”
Claim · model-written summary
The assay gave reproducible ED50 results based on disease severity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“from 4.4 to 14% (mean 8.1%) for ED 50 values based on disease severity”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Incidence ED50 values ranged from 0.05 to 0.94 μg/ml.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For disease incidence, individual ED 50 values ranged from 0.05 to 0.94 μg/ml (mean 0.40 μg/ml)”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Severity ED50 values ranged from 0.04 to 0.78 μg/ml.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for disease severity they ranged from 0.04 to 0.78 μg/ml (mean 0.24 μg/ml)”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin controlled disease incidence by 61% at the discriminatory dose.
- Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Outcome
- control of disease incidencee0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 61%e0
- Comparator
- trifloxystrobine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin provided 61% control of disease incidence versus 41 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifloxystrobin controlled disease incidence by 41%.
- Treatment
- trifloxystrobine0
- Outcome
- control of disease incidencee0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 41e0
- Comparator
- azoxystrobine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin provided 61% control of disease incidence versus 41 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Kresoximmethyl controlled disease incidence by 1.1%.
- Treatment
- kresoximmethyle0
- Outcome
- control of disease incidencee0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 1.1%e0
- Comparator
- azoxystrobine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin provided 61% control of disease incidence versus 41 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin controlled disease severity by 80%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin provided 80% control versus 57 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifloxystrobin controlled disease severity by 57%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin provided 80% control versus 57 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
Kresoximmethyl controlled disease severity by 1.1%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“azoxystrobin provided 80% control versus 57 and 1.1% control for trifloxystrobin and kresoximmethyl, respectively”
t0“grapevine downy mildew”
The same questions in other papers
kresoxim-methyl · disease · VitisPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
azoxystrobin · disease · VitisPositive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →azoxystrobin · control · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
trifloxystrobin · control · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
kresoxim-methyl · control · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
trifloxystrobin · disease · VitisResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.