Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases, caused by many different fungal pathogens, are among the most economically important diseases affecting the grapevine industry worldwide. Pruning wounds are the main point of entry for these fungal pathogens and, thus, disease control is focused on preventative pruning wound protection by chemical products or biological control agents (BCAs). In this study, we evaluated a broad variety of chemical products and BCAs already registered or at the experimental stage in greenhouse and in field trials for the protection of table- and wine-grape vines against infection by Eutypa lata and Neofusicoccum parvum, major pathogens responsible for Eutypa and Botryosphaeria dieback, respectively. Our study showed that Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii consistently provided pruning wound protection in greenhouse and field trials, with a mean percent disease control (MPDC) of 88 and 100% for E. lata and N. parvum, respectively, when compared with the water-treated inoculated positive control (P < 0.05). The chemical protectants thiophanate-methyl + myclobutanil, fluopyram, and trifloxystrobin were also able to effectively protect wounds, with a MPDC of up to 86% when compared with the water-treated inoculated positive control (P < 0.05). When biological treatments were evaluated for recovery from treated canes at the end of the growing season, Trichoderma-based treatments had a rate of recovery between 0 and 100%, Aureobasidium-based treatments had a recovery rate between 25 and 100%, and Bacillus-based treatments had a recovery rate between 0 and 25%.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii protected grapevine pruning wounds against E. lata with 88% mean disease control.
- Treatment
- Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsiie0
- Interactor
- E. lataEutypa latae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii
Trichoderma asperellumTrichoderma gamsiie0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- disease control (MPDC)e0
- Direction
- protectione0
- Value
- 88e0
- Comparator
- water-treated inoculated positive controle0
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii consistently provided pruning wound protection in greenhouse and field trials, with a mean percent disease control (MPDC) of 88 and 100% for E. lata and N. parvum, respectively, when compared with the water-treated inoculated positive control (P < 0.05).”
t0“Grapevine Trunk Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii protected grapevine pruning wounds against N. parvum with 100% mean disease control.
- Treatment
- Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsiie0
- Interactor
- N. parvumNeofusicoccum parvume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsiiTrichoderma asperellumTrichoderma gamsiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease control (MPDC)e0
- Direction
- protectione0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Comparator
- water-treated inoculated positive controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma asperellum and T. gamsii consistently provided pruning wound protection in greenhouse and field trials, with a mean percent disease control (MPDC) of 88 and 100% for E. lata and N. parvum, respectively, when compared with the water-treated inoculated positive control (P < 0.05).”
t0“Grapevine Trunk Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiophanate-methyl plus myclobutanil, fluopyram, and trifloxystrobin protected grapevine wounds with up to 86% mean disease control.
- Treatment
- thiophanate-methyl + myclobutanil, fluopyram, and trifloxystrobine0
- Outcome
- MPDCe0
- Direction
- protecte0
- Value
- up to 86%e0
- Comparator
- water-treated inoculated positive controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The chemical protectants thiophanate-methyl + myclobutanil, fluopyram, and trifloxystrobin were also able to effectively protect wounds, with a MPDC of up to 86% when compared with the water-treated inoculated positive control (P < 0.05).”
t0“Grapevine Trunk Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma treatments were recovered from treated grapevine canes at rates of 0 and 100%.
- Treatment
- Trichoderma-based treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- rate of recoverye0
- Value
- 0 and 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma-based treatments had a rate of recovery between 0 and 100%”
t0“Grapevine Trunk Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Aureobasidium treatments were recovered from treated grapevine canes at rates of 25 and 100%.
- Treatment
- Aureobasidium-based treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Aureobasidium
Aureobasidiume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- recovery ratee0
- Value
- 25 and 100%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aureobasidium-based treatments had a recovery rate between 25 and 100%”
t0“Grapevine Trunk Disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus treatments were recovered from treated grapevine canes at rates of 0 and 25%.
- Treatment
- Bacillus-based treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Bacilluse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- recovery ratee0
- Value
- 0 and 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacillus-based treatments had a recovery rate between 0 and 25%”
t0“Grapevine Trunk Disease”
The same questions in other papers
thiophanate-methyl · control · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
trifloxystrobin · control · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
myclobutanil · control · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.