Abstract
Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Elicitor, heat-released from cell walls of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal agent of anthracnose disease of bean, causes marked but transient increases in the rates of synthesis of both enzymes concomitant with the phase of rapid increase in enzyme activity at the onset of phaseollin accumulation during the phytoalexin defence response. Increased rates of synthesis of both enzymes can be observed 20 min after elicitor treatment and the pattern of induction of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase are broadly similar with respect to elicitor concentration and time, maximum rates of synthesis being attained between 2.5 h and 3.0 h after elicitor treatment. Within this overall co-ordination small but distinct differences between the enzymes were observed in: (a) the elicitor concentrations giving maximum enzyme synthesis, and (b) the precise timing of maximum enzyme synthesis, with that for chalcone synthase occurring 20-30 min earlier than that for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. However, for a given rate of enzyme synthesis, induction of the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase is more efficient at high elicitor concentrations. This may reflect the operation under certain circumstances of post-translational control of the activity levels of these enzymes as implicated for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase by previous density-labelling experiments [Lawton et al. (1980) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 633, 162-175]. The same pattern of induction of enzyme synthesis is observed with elicitor preparations from a variety of sources.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Elicitor from Colletotrichum lindemuthianum transiently increased the synthesis rates of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Treatment
- Elicitore2
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Colletotrichum lindemuthianume2pathogen - Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthasee0
- Outcome
- rates of synthesise1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Qualifier
- transiente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“causes marked but transient increases in the rates of synthesis of both enzymes”
e2“Elicitor, heat-released from cell walls of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal agent of anthracnose disease of bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum synthesis rates were reached between 2.5 h and 3.0 h after elicitor treatment.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- elicitor treatmente3
- Outcome
- maximum rates of synthesise3
- Value
- 2.5 h and 3.0 he3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e3“maximum rates of synthesis being attained between 2.5 h and 3.0 h after elicitor treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased synthesis rates were observed 20 min after elicitor treatment.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- elicitor treatmente4
- Outcome
- rates of synthesise4
- Value
- 20 mine4
- Qualifier
- Increasede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e4“Increased rates of synthesis of both enzymes can be observed 20 min after elicitor treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Chalcone synthase synthesis peaked 20-30 min earlier than phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Gene
- chalcone synthasee5
- Outcome
- precise timing of maximum enzyme synthesise5
- Direction
- earliere5
- Value
- 20-30 mine5
- Comparator
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyasee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e5“the precise timing of maximum enzyme synthesis, with that for chalcone synthase occurring 20-30 min earlier than that for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase”
Claim · model-written summary
Small but distinct differences between the two enzymes were found in the elicitor concentrations giving maximum synthesis.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthasee0
- Outcome
- elicitor concentrations giving maximum enzyme synthesise6
- Qualifier
- small but distinct differencese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e6“small but distinct differences between the enzymes were observed in: (a) the elicitor concentrations giving maximum enzyme synthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Induction of enzyme activities was more efficient at high elicitor concentrations for a given rate of synthesis.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- high elicitor concentrationse7
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthasee7
- Outcome
- induction of the activitiese7
- Direction
- more efficiente7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e7“induction of the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase is more efficient at high elicitor concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-translational control of enzyme activity levels may explain the efficiency difference.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Outcome
- activity levelse1
- Qualifier
- post-translational controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“This may reflect the operation under certain circumstances of post-translational control of the activity levels of these enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
The same induction pattern of enzyme synthesis was seen with elicitor preparations from a variety of sources.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Outcome
- pattern of induction of enzyme synthesise1
- Qualifier
- from a variety of sourcese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“The same pattern of induction of enzyme synthesis is observed with elicitor preparations from a variety of sources”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activity increase was concomitant with phaseollin accumulation during the defence response.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Elicitore0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- phaseollin accumulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in the rate of synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase, two characteristic enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, have been investigated by direct immunoprecipitation of in vivo [35S]methionine-labelled enzyme subunits in elicitor-treated cells of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“concomitant with the phase of rapid increase in enzyme activity at the onset of phaseollin accumulation during the phytoalexin defence response”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.