Abstract
Effects of increased UV‐B radiation on activities of primary photosynthetic carboxylating enzymes and on contents of soluble proteins were studied in soybean ( Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Bragg), pea ( Pisum sativum L. cv. Little Marvel), tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv. Rutgers), and sweet corn ( Zea mays L. cv. Golden Cross Bantam). The purpose was to evaluate the responses of agronomic crops to increases in solar UV‐B radiation. Plants were grown and exposed under greenhouse conditions for 6 h daily to supplemental UV‐B radiation which was provided by Westinghouse FS‐40 fluorescent sun lamps filtered with 0.127‐mm film of cellulose acetate (UV‐B treated) or Mylar S (Mylar control). Three UV‐B levels were tested: 1.09 (treatment T 1 ), 1.36 (treatment T 2 ), and 1.83 (treatment T 3 ) UV‐B seu where 1 UV‐B seu equals 16.0 mW‐m 2 weighted by EXP‐[(λ‐265)/21] 2 . These UV‐B levels corresponded to 6%,21%, and 36%, respectively, of decrease in stratospheric ozone content, based on the interpolations of UV‐B irradiances at a solar elevation angle of 60°. Leaves of plants of soybean, pea, and tomato exposed to UV‐B radiation were generally low in RuBP carboxylase activity. On a fresh weight basis, all three UV‐B radiation levels significantly reduced the enzyme activity in soybean and pea, whereas tomato plants showed significant reduction in RuBP carboxylase activity only when exposed to 1.83 and 1.36 UV‐B seu . An apparent decrease in soluble proteins was observed in leaf extracts of soybean and pea plants exposed to 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seu whereas higher amounts of proteins were detected in leaves of tomato plants grown under UV‐B radiation. Leaves of sweet corn plants grown under Mylar control were low in PEP carboxylase activity and proteins as compared with those of control plants receiving no supplemental UV and UV‐B treatment. Activities of PEP carboxylase in crode extracts from leaves of sweet corn were significantly suppressed under 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seu as compared with the no UV control. Some stimulation of PEP carboxylase activity was observed in corn plants exposed to 1.09 UV‐B seu .
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All three UV-B levels significantly reduced soybean RuBP carboxylase activity.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- all three UV‐B radiation levelse0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all three UV‐B radiation levels significantly reduced the enzyme activity in soybean and pea”
Claim · model-written summary
All three UV-B levels significantly reduced pea RuBP carboxylase activity.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- all three UV‐B radiation levelse0
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all three UV‐B radiation levels significantly reduced the enzyme activity in soybean and pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato RuBP carboxylase activity was significantly reduced only at 1.83 and 1.36 UV-B seu.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- 1.83 and 1.36 UV‐B seue0
- Outcome
- RuBP carboxylase activitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato plants showed significant reduction in RuBP carboxylase activity only when exposed to 1.83 and 1.36 UV‐B seu”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble proteins apparently decreased in soybean leaves at 1.36 and 1.83 UV-B seu.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seue0
- Outcome
- soluble proteinse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An apparent decrease in soluble proteins was observed in leaf extracts of soybean and pea plants exposed to 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seu”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble proteins apparently decreased in pea leaves at 1.36 and 1.83 UV-B seu.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seue0
- Outcome
- soluble proteinse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An apparent decrease in soluble proteins was observed in leaf extracts of soybean and pea plants exposed to 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seu”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato leaves under UV-B had higher amounts of proteins.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- UV‐B radiatione0
- Outcome
- proteinse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher amounts of proteins were detected in leaves of tomato plants grown under UV‐B radiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn under Mylar control had lower PEP carboxylase activity and proteins than controls with no supplemental UV.
Verbatim
e0“Leaves of sweet corn plants grown under Mylar control were low in PEP carboxylase activity and proteins as compared with those of control plants receiving no supplemental UV and UV‐B treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn PEP carboxylase activity was significantly suppressed at 1.36 and 1.83 UV-B seu versus no UV control.
Verbatim
e0“Activities of PEP carboxylase in crode extracts from leaves of sweet corn were significantly suppressed under 1.36 and 1.83 UV‐B seu as compared with the no UV control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweet corn PEP carboxylase activity was stimulated at 1.09 UV-B seu.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- 1.09 UV‐B seue0
- Outcome
- PEP carboxylase activitye0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some stimulation of PEP carboxylase activity was observed in corn plants exposed to 1.09 UV‐B seu”
The same questions in other papers
uv · physiology: enzyme activity · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
uv · soil: biology · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
uv · soil: biology · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
uv · physiology: enzyme activity · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
uv · physiology: osmolytes · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
uv · physiology: osmolytes · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.