Abstract
During the plant immune response, large-scale transcriptional reprogramming is modulated by numerous transcription (co) factors. The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors TGA1 and TGA4, which comprise the clade I TGA factors, have been shown to positively contribute to disease resistance against virulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Despite physically interacting with the key immune regulator, NON-EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1), following elicitation with salicylic acid (SA), clade I function was shown to be largely independent of NPR1. Unlike mutants in NPR1, tga1-1 tga4-1 plants do not display reductions in steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genes following treatment with this phenolic signaling metabolite or after challenge with virulent or avirulent P. syringae. By exploiting bacterial strains that have limited capacity to suppress Arabidopsis defence responses, the present study demonstrates that tga1-1 tga4-1 plants are compromised in basal resistance and defective in several apoplastic defence responses, including the oxidative burst of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition, as well as total and apoplastic PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1 (PR-1) protein accumulation. Furthermore, analysis of npr1-1 and the tga1-1 tga4-1 npr1-1 triple mutant indicates that clade I TGA factors act substantially independent of NPR1 in mediating disease resistance against these strains of P. syringae. Increased sensitivity to the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin and elevated levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker genes encoding ER-resident chaperones in mutant seedlings suggest that loss of apoplastic defence responses is associated with aberrant protein secretion and implicate clade I TGA factors as positive regulators of one or more ER-related secretion pathways.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
tga1-1 tga4-1 mutant plants were compromised in basal resistance to bacterial strains with limited capacity to suppress defence responses.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Material
- tga1-1 tga4-1e1
- Treatment
- bacterial strains that have limited capacity to suppress Arabidopsis defence responsese2
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringaee3pathogen - Outcome
- basal resistancee1
- Direction
- compromisede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“tga1-1 tga4-1 plants are compromised in basal resistance”
e2“By exploiting bacterial strains that have limited capacity to suppress Arabidopsis defence responses”
e3“virulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae”
Claim · model-written summary
tga1-1 tga4-1 mutant plants were defective in apoplastic defence responses: oxidative burst, callose deposition and PR-1 protein accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- tga1-1 tga4-1e4
- Treatment
- bacterial strains that have limited capacity to suppress Arabidopsis defence responsese2
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringaePseudomonas syringaee3pathogen
- Outcome
- apoplastic defence responsese1
- Direction
- defectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“defective in several apoplastic defence responses, including the oxidative burst of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition, as well as total and apoplastic PATHOGENESIS-RELATED 1 (PR-1) protein accumulation”
e2“By exploiting bacterial strains that have limited capacity to suppress Arabidopsis defence responses”
e3“virulent strains of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae”
e4“tga1-1 tga4-1 plants are compromised in basal resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
Clade I TGA factors act substantially independent of NPR1 in mediating disease resistance against P. syringae strains.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- npr1-1e1
- Interactor
- P. syringaePseudomonas syringaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease resistancee1
- Qualifier
- substantially independent of NPR1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“analysis of npr1-1 and the tga1-1 tga4-1 npr1-1 triple mutant indicates that clade I TGA factors act substantially independent of NPR1 in mediating disease resistance against these strains of P. syringae”
Claim · model-written summary
tga1-1 tga4-1 mutant seedlings showed elevated levels of ER stress marker genes encoding ER-resident chaperones.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- mutant seedlingse1
- Gene
- ER-resident chaperonese1
- Outcome
- levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker genese1
- Direction
- elevatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“elevated levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker genes encoding ER-resident chaperones in mutant seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
tga1-1 tga4-1 mutant seedlings were more sensitive to the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycine1
- Outcome
- sensitivitye1
- Direction
- Increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“Increased sensitivity to the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin and elevated levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker genes encoding ER-resident chaperones in mutant seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
tga1-1 tga4-1 plants do not show reductions in steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genes after salicylic acid treatment.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- tga1-1 tga4-1e1
- Treatment
- salicylic acid (SA)e2
- Outcome
- steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genese1
- Direction
- do not display reductionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“tga1-1 tga4-1 plants do not display reductions in steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genes following treatment with this phenolic signaling metabolite”
e2“following elicitation with salicylic acid (SA)”
Claim · model-written summary
tga1-1 tga4-1 plants do not show reductions in steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genes after challenge with P. syringae.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- tga1-1 tga4-1e1
- Treatment
- virulent or avirulent P. syringaee2
- Interactor
- P. syringaePseudomonas syringaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genese1
- Direction
- do not display reductionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors”
e1“tga1-1 tga4-1 plants do not display reductions in steady-state levels of SA-pathway marker genes following treatment with this phenolic signaling metabolite or after challenge with virulent or avirulent P. syringae”
e2“virulent or avirulent P. syringae”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas syringae · molecular: expression · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →salicylic acid · molecular: expression · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
37 papers more in this group
See all 41 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.