Abstract
In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications. At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes, which were synthetic and organic fertilizers combined (SOF), synthetic fertilizer and dicyandiamide combined (SFD), and organic fertilizer inoculated live earthworms (OFE) than the other treatments. Organic fertilizer application significantly improved superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD) and Catalase (CAT) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, especially in the organic fertilizer inoculated live earthworms treatment. The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT). Compared to single applied synthetic fertilizer, the OFE treatment significantly reduced nitrate content, and also improved sugar-acid ratio and soluble sugar and Vc content in the heads of the plant at the harvest stage. All this suggests the OFE treatment is a healthy, sustainable and environmentally friendly fertilization way for the Chinese cabbage production in north of China.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
At a late growth stage, the three fertilization modes increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate compared with the other treatments.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1 - Organ / stage
- late growth stagee1
- Treatment
- three fertilization modese1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- the other treatmentse1
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes, which were synthetic and organic fertilizers combined (SOF), synthetic fertilizer and dicyandiamide combined (SFD), and organic fertilizer inoculated live earthworms (OFE) than the other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
At a late growth stage, the three fertilization modes increased transpiration rate and stomatal conductance compared with the other treatments.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Organ / stage
- late growth stagee1
- Treatment
- three fertilization modese1
- Outcome
- transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs)e1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- the other treatmentse1
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes, which were synthetic and organic fertilizers combined (SOF), synthetic fertilizer and dicyandiamide combined (SFD), and organic fertilizer inoculated live earthworms (OFE) than the other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer application improved superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activities.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- Organic fertilizer applicatione2
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD) and Catalase (CAT) activitiese2
- Direction
- improvede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e2“Organic fertilizer application significantly improved superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD) and Catalase (CAT) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, especially in the organic fertilizer inoculated live earthworms treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizer application decreased malondialdehyde accumulation.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- Organic fertilizer applicatione2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulatione2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e2“Organic fertilizer application significantly improved superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD) and Catalase (CAT) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, especially in the organic fertilizer inoculated live earthworms treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
SOF improved Chinese cabbage yield by 40.5% over the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- SOFe3
- Outcome
- plant yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Value
- 40.5%e3
- Comparator
- synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB)e3
- Setting
- In field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e3“The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)”
Claim · model-written summary
SFD improved Chinese cabbage yield by 38.0% over the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- SFDe3
- Outcome
- plant yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Value
- 38.0%e3
- Comparator
- synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB)e3
- Setting
- In field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e3“The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)”
Claim · model-written summary
OFE improved Chinese cabbage yield by 36.1% over the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- OFEe3
- Outcome
- plant yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Value
- 36.1%e3
- Comparator
- synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB)e3
- Setting
- In field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e3“The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)”
Claim · model-written summary
SOF improved Chinese cabbage yield by 23.4% over the split-application synthetic fertilizer treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- SOFe3
- Outcome
- plant yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Value
- 23.4%e3
- Comparator
- synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)e3
- Setting
- In field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e3“The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)”
Claim · model-written summary
SFD improved Chinese cabbage yield by 21.1% over the split-application synthetic fertilizer treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- SFDe3
- Outcome
- plant yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Value
- 21.1%e3
- Comparator
- synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)e3
- Setting
- In field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e3“The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)”
Claim · model-written summary
OFE improved Chinese cabbage yield by 19.6% over the split-application synthetic fertilizer treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- OFEe3
- Outcome
- plant yielde3
- Direction
- improvede3
- Value
- 19.6%e3
- Comparator
- synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)e3
- Setting
- In field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In field conditions, seven fertilization treatments were applied by randomized design with three replications”
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e3“The SOF, SFD and OFE treatments improved the plant yield by 40.5%, 38.0% and 36.1% than the synthetic fertilizer applied alone treatment (SFB) and by 23.4%, 21.1% and 19.6% than the synthetic fertilizer in a split application treatment (SFT)”
Claim · model-written summary
OFE significantly reduced nitrate content compared with single applied synthetic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- OFEe4
- Outcome
- nitrate contente4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Comparator
- single applied synthetic fertilizere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e4“Compared to single applied synthetic fertilizer, the OFE treatment significantly reduced nitrate content, and also improved sugar-acid ratio and soluble sugar and Vc content in the heads of the plant at the harvest stage”
Claim · model-written summary
OFE improved sugar-acid ratio, soluble sugar and Vc content in Chinese cabbage heads compared with single applied synthetic fertilizer.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise1
- Treatment
- OFEe4
- Outcome
- sugar-acid ratio and soluble sugar and Vc contente4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Comparator
- single applied synthetic fertilizere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At a late growth stage of Chinese cabbage, the plant leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) significantly increased upon the three fertilization modes”
e4“Compared to single applied synthetic fertilizer, the OFE treatment significantly reduced nitrate content, and also improved sugar-acid ratio and soluble sugar and Vc content in the heads of the plant at the harvest stage”
Claim · model-written summary
OFE is a healthy, sustainable and environmentally friendly fertilization way for Chinese cabbage production in north China.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensise5
- Outcome
- healthy, sustainable and environmentally friendly fertilization waye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“All this suggests the OFE treatment is a healthy, sustainable and environmentally friendly fertilization way for the Chinese cabbage production in north of China”
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See all 5 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.