Abstract
The ameliorative effect of salicylic acid (SA) on cadmium (Cd) toxicity in sunflower plants was studied by investigating plant growth and fatty acid composition. Sunflower plants in two leaves stage were exposed to CdCl2 treatment (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 µM) and then were treated with salicylic acid (0, 250 and 500 µM) as foliage spraying. One week after the last salicylic acid treatment,plants were harvested and growth parameters were measured . Oil of leaf was extracted in a Soxhlet system and fatty acid composition were measured by gas chromatography (GC). Statistical analyses showed excess Cd reduced growth parameters (fresh weight and length of stems and roots, fresh weight and number of leaves)and SA increased them compared with the control. Maximum reduction in these parameters was at 200 µmol Cd and 0µmol of SA. Cd caused a shift in fatty acids composition, resulting in a lower degree of their unsaturation and an increase in saturated fatty acids in sunflower leaves,whereas SA improved them. SA, particularly increased the percentage of linolenic acid and lowered that of palmitic acid by the same proportion. These results sugg membrane integrity due to lipids est that SA could be used as a potential growth regulator and a stabilizer ofprotection of cadmium-induced oxidative stress to improve plant resistance to Cd stress
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Excess cadmium reduced sunflower growth parameters compared with the control.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- excess Cde1
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e1“excess Cd reduced growth parameters”
e2“SA increased them compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid increased sunflower growth parameters compared with the control.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- SAe2
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e1“excess Cd reduced growth parameters”
e2“SA increased them compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum reduction in growth parameters occurred at 200 µmol Cd with no SA.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- 200 µmol Cde3
- Outcome
- reduction in these parameterse3
- Direction
- Maximume3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e3“Maximum reduction in these parameters was at 200 µmol Cd and 0µmol of SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium lowered the degree of unsaturation of leaf fatty acids in sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Treatment
- Cde4
- Outcome
- degree of their unsaturatione4
- Direction
- lowere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e4“Cd caused a shift in fatty acids composition, resulting in a lower degree of their unsaturation and an increase in saturated fatty acids in sunflower leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium increased the proportion of saturated fatty acids in sunflower leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese4
- Treatment
- Cde4
- Outcome
- saturated fatty acidse4
- Direction
- increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e4“Cd caused a shift in fatty acids composition, resulting in a lower degree of their unsaturation and an increase in saturated fatty acids in sunflower leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid improved the leaf fatty acid composition of cadmium-exposed sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- SAe5
- Outcome
- fatty acids compositione4
- Direction
- improvede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e4“Cd caused a shift in fatty acids composition, resulting in a lower degree of their unsaturation and an increase in saturated fatty acids in sunflower leaves”
e5“whereas SA improved them”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid increased the percentage of linolenic acid in sunflower leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- SAe6
- Outcome
- percentage of linolenic acide6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e6“SA, particularly increased the percentage of linolenic acid and lowered that of palmitic acid by the same proportion”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid lowered the percentage of palmitic acid in sunflower leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- SAe6
- Outcome
- palmitic acide6
- Direction
- lowerede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e6“SA, particularly increased the percentage of linolenic acid and lowered that of palmitic acid by the same proportion”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid could be used as a potential growth regulator to improve cadmium stress resistance in sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- potential growth regulatore7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“leaf lipid composition in sunflower”
e7“SA could be used as a potential growth regulator”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 8 papers →cadmium atom · quality: oil · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.