Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study on the effect of various soil moisture supply conditions and increasing concentrations of the most common agricultural soil pollutants - cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) on the growth of Helianthus annuus L. 'Poseidon 625' seedlings. It was found that Cd absorption by seedlings under soil moisture deficiency conditions increases compared to sufficient watering conditions, while Pb absorption decreases. It was determined that simulating drought conditions with an osmotic solution (7.4% sucrose) prevents the growth of the aboveground part of seedlings and activates the growth of the root system. It was shown that under the influence of various cadmium concentrations in the soil, the development of the root system of 8-day-old seedlings is blocked, but active development of adventitious roots of the "goose foot" type is observed, which contributes to the adsorption and accumulation of Cd 2+ in the phytomass. It was found that maximum concentrations of lead suppress the growth of both the main and adventitious roots of sunflower seedlings and simultaneously stimulate the growth of their above-ground part, which probably indicates the activation of the storage function of the stem, as the next line of defense of seedlings from the damaging effects of combined stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium absorption increased under soil moisture deficiency versus sufficient watering.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.
Helianthus annuuse1 - Treatment
- soil moisture deficiency conditionse0
- Outcome
- Cd absorption by seedlingse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Comparator
- sufficient watering conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd absorption by seedlings under soil moisture deficiency conditions increases compared to sufficient watering conditions”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lead absorption decreased under soil moisture deficiency.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- soil moisture deficiency conditionse0
- Outcome
- Pb absorptione0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Comparator
- sufficient watering conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd absorption by seedlings under soil moisture deficiency conditions increases compared to sufficient watering conditions, while Pb absorption decreases.”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic drought simulation prevented aboveground seedling growth.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- osmotic solution (7.4% sucrose)e0
- Outcome
- growth of the aboveground part of seedlingse0
- Direction
- preventse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simulating drought conditions with an osmotic solution (7.4% sucrose) prevents the growth of the aboveground part of seedlings”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic drought simulation activated root growth.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- osmotic solution (7.4% sucrose)e0
- Outcome
- growth of the root systeme0
- Direction
- activatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simulating drought conditions with an osmotic solution (7.4% sucrose) prevents the growth of the aboveground part of seedlings and activates the growth of the root system.”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium concentrations blocked root system development in 8-day-old seedlings.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Organ / stage
- 8-day-old seedlingse0
- Treatment
- various cadmium concentrations in the soile0
- Outcome
- development of the root systeme0
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the influence of various cadmium concentrations in the soil, the development of the root system of 8-day-old seedlings is blocked”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium exposure induced active development of goose foot adventitious roots.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- various cadmium concentrations in the soile0
- Outcome
- active development of adventitious roots of the "goose foot" typee0
- Direction
- active developmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the influence of various cadmium concentrations in the soil, the development of the root system of 8-day-old seedlings is blocked, but active development of adventitious roots of the "goose foot" type is observed”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adventitious roots contributed to Cd 2+ adsorption and accumulation in phytomass.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Organ / stage
- adventitious rootse0
- Outcome
- adsorption and accumulation of Cd 2+ in the phytomasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adventitious roots of the "goose foot" type is observed, which contributes to the adsorption and accumulation of Cd 2+ in the phytomass”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum lead concentrations suppressed main root growth.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- maximum concentrations of leade0
- Outcome
- growth of both the main and adventitious rootse0
- Direction
- suppresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum concentrations of lead suppress the growth of both the main and adventitious roots of sunflower seedlings”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum lead concentrations stimulated aboveground growth.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- maximum concentrations of leade0
- Outcome
- growth of their above-ground parte0
- Direction
- stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum concentrations of lead suppress the growth of both the main and adventitious roots of sunflower seedlings and simultaneously stimulate the growth of their above-ground part”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aboveground growth under lead stress may indicate activation of the stem storage function.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Outcome
- activation of the storage function of the steme0
- Qualifier
- probablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which probably indicates the activation of the storage function of the stem, as the next line of defense of seedlings from the damaging effects of combined stress”
e1“Helianthus annuus L.”
The same questions in other papers
lead atom · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
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- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 14 papers →cadmium atom · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →sucrose · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.