Abstract
The expression of genes, encoding number of cytochrome electron transport pathway components, alternative cyanide-resistant oxidase (AOX) and uncoupling protein, protein content and capacity of cytochrome and alternative pathways in the mitochondria from shoots of winter wheat etiolated seedlings (Triticum aestivum L., cv. ‘Irkutskaya’) under low (7 days, 2 - 3 °C) and subzero (2 days, -2 – -3 °C) temperatures were studied. These temperatures are necessary for increasing of winter cereals frost-resistance. The capacity of mitochondria to oxidize the different substrates and possible mechanisms of AOX activity regulation were examined. It was shown that to 7 days of cold hardening the participation of cytochrome pathway into respiration was decreased but the participation of alternative pathway and AOX protein content was increased. The AOX activity was related to free fatty acids content. Using qRT-PCR with SYBR Green I the changes of gene expression of mitochondrial proteins under cold hardening were detected, differential expression of ucp1a and ucp1b and coordinated expression of ucp1a and aox1a were observed. Accumulation of aox1a transcripts, increase of AOX protein content and activation of alternative pathway capacity under cold hardening were accompanied the decreasing of antimycine A-dependent and increasing of benzhydroxamic acid-dependent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria from hardened seedlings. Cold hardening of winter wheat seedlings was accompanied with maintaining of outer mitochondrial membrane intactness, the decreasing of ROS content and lipid peroxidation products in mitochondria under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h). Thus cold hardening of winter wheat seedlings caused coordinated expression of genes related to non-phosphorylating electron transport pathways that led to changes of energetic cell metabolism, aimed at increasing of adaptive possibilities of plant organism.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-sa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening decreased cytochrome pathway participation in respiration.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- participation of cytochrome pathway into respiratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to 7 days of cold hardening the participation of cytochrome pathway into respiration was decreased”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening increased alternative pathway participation in respiration.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- participation of alternative pathwaye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to 7 days of cold hardening the participation of cytochrome pathway into respiration was decreased but the participation of alternative pathway and AOX protein content was increased”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening increased AOX protein content.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge0
- Gene
- AOXe0
- Outcome
- AOX protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to 7 days of cold hardening the participation of cytochrome pathway into respiration was decreased but the participation of alternative pathway and AOX protein content was increased”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
AOX activity was associated with free fatty acids content.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- AOXe0
- Compound
- free fatty acidse0
- Outcome
- AOX activitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The AOX activity was related to free fatty acids content”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening produced differential expression of ucp1a and ucp1b.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- ucp1a and ucp1be0
- Outcome
- differential expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“differential expression of ucp1a and ucp1b”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening produced coordinated expression of ucp1a and aox1a.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- ucp1a and aox1ae0
- Outcome
- coordinated expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“coordinated expression of ucp1a and aox1a”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening accumulated aox1a transcripts.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge1
- Gene
- aox1ae0
- Outcome
- aox1a transcriptse0
- Direction
- Accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of aox1a transcripts”
e1“capacity under cold hardening”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening activated alternative pathway capacity.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- alternative pathway capacitye0
- Direction
- activatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activation of alternative pathway capacity under cold hardening”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening decreased antimycine A-dependent mitochondrial ROS production.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- antimycine A-dependent and increasing of benzhydroxamic acid-dependent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) productione0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under cold hardening were accompanied the decreasing of antimycine A-dependent and increasing of benzhydroxamic acid-dependent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria from hardened seedlings”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening increased benzhydroxamic acid-dependent mitochondrial ROS production.
- Taxon
- WINTER WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge1
- Outcome
- benzhydroxamic acid-dependent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) productione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing of benzhydroxamic acid-dependent of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria from hardened seedlings”
e1“under cold hardening were accompanied”
t0“WINTER WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening maintained outer mitochondrial membrane intactness during subsequent cold shock.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- outer mitochondrial membrane intactnesse0
- Qualifier
- under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold hardening of winter wheat seedlings was accompanied with maintaining of outer mitochondrial membrane intactness, the decreasing of ROS content and lipid peroxidation products in mitochondria under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening decreased mitochondrial ROS content under subsequent cold shock.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- ROS contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Qualifier
- under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold hardening of winter wheat seedlings was accompanied with maintaining of outer mitochondrial membrane intactness, the decreasing of ROS content and lipid peroxidation products in mitochondria under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold hardening decreased mitochondrial lipid peroxidation products under subsequent cold shock.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Cold hardeninge0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidation productse0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Qualifier
- under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold hardening of winter wheat seedlings was accompanied with maintaining of outer mitochondrial membrane intactness, the decreasing of ROS content and lipid peroxidation products in mitochondria under following cold shock (-8 °C, 6 h)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpreted coordinated expression of non-phosphorylating pathway genes as causing changes in cellular energy metabolism that aid adaptation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- cold hardeninge0
- Gene
- genes related to non-phosphorylating electron transport pathwayse0
- Outcome
- changes of energetic cell metabolisme0
- Qualifier
- increasing of adaptive possibilitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold hardening of winter wheat seedlings caused coordinated expression of genes related to non-phosphorylating electron transport pathways that led to changes of energetic cell metabolism, aimed at increasing of adaptive possibilities of plant organism”
The same questions in other papers
cold · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →cold · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →in vitro · physiology: respiration · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
cold · physiology: respiration · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
in vitro · molecular: expression · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →cold · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →in vitro · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
in vitro · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.