Abstract
This study was conducted to know characteristics of shikimate accumulation in various plants treated with glyphosate and to investigate a possibility for broadening application of the shikimate accumulation assay. The accumulation manner of shikimate dependent on the leaf age was different among plant species. When the shikimate accumulation assay with excised leaf tissue taken from 21 species of field- or greenhouse-grown plants was conducted, one to eightfold differences in shikimate levels exhibited with lower values in grasses than in broadleaves plants. Especially, shikimate accumulation began to occur at lower dose of glyphosate in grass plants. Leaf tissues excised from CP4-EPSPS-introduced soybean or potato did not accumulate shikimate even when treated with 80 and 64 ㎍ mL-1 glyphosate, respectively. On the other hand, when shikimate was determined in the whole plant treated with glyphosate, shikimate level was increased in a linear manner until 3 day after herbicide application with a higher accumulation than in the excised leaf tissues floated on glyphosate solution. At this case of determinating the shikimate levels in glyphosate-treated whole plant, a significant difference of shikimate amount was not observed even using distilled water or 1.25 N HCl solution instead of the 10 mM ammonium phosphate buffer for shikimate extraction. Taken together, this assay would be highly useful to identify and control glyphosate-resistant weeds in field, to develop glyphosate-resistant crops, and to distinguish glyphosate-resistant mechanisms, especially through supplement of any other assay techniques.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf-age dependence of shikimate accumulation differed among plant species.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation manner of shikimate dependent on the leaf age was different among plant species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excised leaves from 21 species varied one- to eightfold in shikimate levels, with grasses lower than broadleaves.
Verbatim
e0“one to eightfold differences in shikimate levels exhibited with lower values in grasses than in broadleaves plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shikimate accumulation began at a lower glyphosate dose in grasses.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“shikimate accumulation began to occur at lower dose of glyphosate in grass plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
CP4-EPSPS soybean leaves did not accumulate shikimate at 80 ㎍ mL-1 glyphosate.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- CP4-EPSPS-introducede0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- shikimatee0
- Direction
- did not accumulatee0
- Value
- 80e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf tissues excised from CP4-EPSPS-introduced soybean or potato did not accumulate shikimate even when treated with 80 and 64 ㎍ mL-1 glyphosate, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
CP4-EPSPS potato leaves did not accumulate shikimate at 64 ㎍ mL-1 glyphosate.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Material
- CP4-EPSPS-introducede0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- shikimatee0
- Direction
- did not accumulatee0
- Value
- 64 ㎍ mL-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf tissues excised from CP4-EPSPS-introduced soybean or potato did not accumulate shikimate even when treated with 80 and 64 ㎍ mL-1 glyphosate, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-plant shikimate levels increased linearly through day three after glyphosate application.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“shikimate level was increased in a linear manner until 3 day after herbicide application”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole-plant shikimate accumulation exceeded that in excised leaves floated on glyphosate.
- Outcome
- accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- excised leaf tissues floated on glyphosate solutione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“with a higher accumulation than in the excised leaf tissues floated on glyphosate solution.”
Claim · model-written summary
Extraction with water or HCl did not significantly change measured shikimate relative to buffer.
Not reportedTaxonValue
Verbatim
e0“a significant difference of shikimate amount was not observed even using distilled water or 1.25 N HCl solution instead of the 10 mM ammonium phosphate buffer for shikimate extraction.”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · molecular: metabolites · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →glyphosate · molecular: metabolites · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.