Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) poses a significant threat to the health and sustainable development of the apple industry. Chemical fumigation, as the most effective method, is limited due to residual pollution mitigation and other problems. It is crucial to find green and pollution-free prevention and control measures to replace chemical fumigation. Fulvic acid (FA) demonstrates considerable potential in promoting plant growth, resisting soil pathogen infection, and improving soil quality. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment to compare the changes in photosynthetic capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity, 15 N uptake and utilization efficiency, and the abundance and community composition of soil bacteria and fungi in replanted apple rootstocks ( Malus hupehensis Rehd.) after exogenous application of different concentrations of FA, and explored the biocontrol effect of FA on ARD. We found that application of FA at 2 g·L -1 effectively mitigated replanting-induced ROS accumulation by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing the activities of defense enzymes in M. hupehensis Rehd. seedling roots. Furthermore, FA supplementation improved 15 N absorption and utilization by enhancing nitrogen-metabolizing enzyme activities in roots. Notably, significant changes were observed in the community structure of both soil bacteria and fungi, along with a substantial increase in bacterial and fungal abundance compared with treatments without FA addition. Additionally, FA supplementation significantly increased soil enzyme activities. Mantel test results indicated positive correlations between soil properties (except for pH), growth indices, 15 N uptake rate, and utilization efficiency. Spearman correlation analysis further revealed relationships of these factors with bacterial/fungal community composition, suggesting that microbial community composition plays a pivotal role in mediating changes within the replant soil environment, thereby affecting plant growth and nutrient uptake and utilization. In conclusion, FA can effectively alleviate ARD by promoting plant nitrogen uptake and optimizing soil microbial community structure.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic acid at 2 g·L -1 mitigated replanting-induced root ROS accumulation.
- Taxon
- M. hupehensis Rehd.
Malus hupehensise0 - Organ / stage
- seedling rootse0
- Treatment
- FA at 2 g·L -1e0
- Outcome
- replanting-induced ROS accumulatione0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of FA at 2 g·L -1 effectively mitigated replanting-induced ROS accumulation by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing the activities of defense enzymes in M. hupehensis Rehd. seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic acid enhanced photosynthesis in replanted apple seedlings.
- Taxon
- M. hupehensis Rehd.Malus hupehensise0
- Treatment
- FA at 2 g·L -1e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of FA at 2 g·L -1 effectively mitigated replanting-induced ROS accumulation by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing the activities of defense enzymes in M. hupehensis Rehd. seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fulvic acid increased defense enzyme activities in seedling roots.
- Taxon
- M. hupehensis Rehd.Malus hupehensise0
- Organ / stage
- seedling rootse0
- Treatment
- FA at 2 g·L -1e0
- Outcome
- activities of defense enzymese0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of FA at 2 g·L -1 effectively mitigated replanting-induced ROS accumulation by enhancing photosynthesis and increasing the activities of defense enzymes in M. hupehensis Rehd. seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
FA improved 15 N absorption and utilization.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- FA supplementatione0
- Outcome
- 15 N absorption and utilizatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FA supplementation improved 15 N absorption and utilization by enhancing nitrogen-metabolizing enzyme activities in roots”
t0“apple replant disease”
Claim · model-written summary
FA enhanced root nitrogen-metabolizing enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- FA supplementatione0
- Outcome
- nitrogen-metabolizing enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FA supplementation improved 15 N absorption and utilization by enhancing nitrogen-metabolizing enzyme activities in roots”
t0“apple replant disease”
Claim · model-written summary
FA treatment significantly altered soil bacterial and fungal community structure.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- FA supplementatione1
- Outcome
- community structure of both soil bacteria and fungie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant changes were observed in the community structure of both soil bacteria and fungi”
t0“apple replant disease”
e1“FA supplementation significantly increased soil enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
FA treatment substantially increased bacterial and fungal abundance relative to no FA.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- FA supplementatione1
- Outcome
- bacterial and fungal abundancee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- treatments without FA additione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a substantial increase in bacterial and fungal abundance compared with treatments without FA addition”
t0“apple replant disease”
e1“FA supplementation significantly increased soil enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
FA significantly increased soil enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- FA supplementatione0
- Outcome
- soil enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FA supplementation significantly increased soil enzyme activities”
t0“apple replant disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil properties except pH correlated positively with growth indices and 15 N uptake and utilization.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- growth indices, 15 N uptake rate, and utilization efficiencye0
- Direction
- positive correlationse0
- Qualifier
- except for pHe0
- Setting
- soil propertiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between soil properties (except for pH), growth indices, 15 N uptake rate, and utilization efficiency”
t0“apple replant disease”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial and fungal community composition was related to soil properties, growth and nitrogen use.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- bacterial/fungal communitye0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth and nutrient uptake and utilizatione0
- Qualifier
- replant soil environmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relationships of these factors with bacterial/fungal community composition, suggesting that microbial community composition plays a pivotal role in mediating changes within the replant soil environment, thereby affecting plant growth and nutrient uptake and utilization”
t0“apple replant disease”
The same questions in other papers
other · nutrient: content · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →other · soil: biology · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.