Abstract
The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has abundant sunlight resources. Making rational use of this advantage can effectively increase the forage yield and nutrient accumulation of mixed grassland sown with gramineous and leguminous plants. External fertilization is a key measure to further enhance the productivity and quality of the mixed grassland. This study focused on the Avena sativa+Pisum sativum mixed sowing system and set up four treatment groups: single application of nitrogen fertilizer (A1), single application of phosphorus fertilizer (A2), nitrogen and phosphorus combined application (A3), and no fertilization control (CK). The study evaluated the effects of different fertilization treatments on the spectral indices and leaf morphology of the oat-pea mixed sowing leaves and their impact on forage quality. The results showed that under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants was 15.14% higher than that of the CK; the soil-plant analysis development value was 26.44% higher than that of the CK, 17.05% higher than A1, and 26.85% higher than A2. In terms of leaf morphology, the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased leaf area, while single application of nitrogen fertilizer made leaf length, leaf width, and perimeter higher than that of the CK. In terms of nutritional quality, the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude protein, soluble sugar, and total carbon content, and simultaneously reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 7.78% and 25.25%, respectively, compared to the CK. In summary, the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly affected the spectral indices, morphology, and plant nutrient indicators of the leaves. This fertilization strategy and mixed sowing combination can be applied in the experimental area to further enhance the yield and quality of artificial grassland.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application raised total chlorophyll content of oat plants by 15.14% over the control
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 15.14%e1
- Comparator
- CKe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e1“the total chlorophyll content of oat plants was 15.14% higher than that of the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application raised the soil-plant analysis development value by 26.44% over the control
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- soil-plant analysis development valuee2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 26.44%e2
- Comparator
- CKe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e2“the soil-plant analysis development value was 26.44% higher than that of the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application raised the soil-plant analysis development value by 17.05% over single nitrogen application
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- soil-plant analysis development valuee2
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 17.05%e3
- Comparator
- A1e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e2“the soil-plant analysis development value was 26.44% higher than that of the CK”
e3“17.05% higher than A1”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application raised the soil-plant analysis development value by 26.85% over phosphorus application alone
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- soil-plant analysis development valuee2
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 26.85%e4
- Comparator
- A2e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e2“the soil-plant analysis development value was 26.44% higher than that of the CK”
e4“26.85% higher than A2”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application significantly increased oat leaf area
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- leaf areae5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e5“the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased leaf area, while single application of nitrogen fertilizer made leaf length, leaf width, and perimeter higher than that of the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Single nitrogen fertilizer application made oat leaf length, leaf width and perimeter higher than the control
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- single application of nitrogen fertilizere5
- Outcome
- leaf length, leaf width, and perimetere5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- CKe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e5“the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased leaf area, while single application of nitrogen fertilizer made leaf length, leaf width, and perimeter higher than that of the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen and crude protein
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude proteine7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- CKe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e7“significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude protein, soluble sugar, and total carbon content, and simultaneously reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 7.78% and 25.25%, respectively, compared to the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application significantly increased soluble sugar and total carbon content
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- soluble sugar, and total carbon contente7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- CKe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e7“significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude protein, soluble sugar, and total carbon content, and simultaneously reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 7.78% and 25.25%, respectively, compared to the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application reduced neutral detergent fiber by 7.78% compared with the control
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- neutral detergent fibere7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 7.78%e7
- Comparator
- CKe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e7“significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude protein, soluble sugar, and total carbon content, and simultaneously reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 7.78% and 25.25%, respectively, compared to the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nitrogen and phosphorus application reduced acid detergent fiber by 25.25% compared with the control
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- nitrogen and phosphorus combined applicatione0
- Outcome
- acid detergent fibere7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 25.25%e7
- Comparator
- CKe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e7“significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude protein, soluble sugar, and total carbon content, and simultaneously reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 7.78% and 25.25%, respectively, compared to the CK”
Claim · model-written summary
The fertilization strategy and mixed sowing combination can be applied to further enhance the yield and quality of artificial grassland in the experimental area
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- This fertilization strategy and mixed sowing combinatione6
- Outcome
- yield and qualitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants”
e6“This fertilization strategy and mixed sowing combination can be applied in the experimental area to further enhance the yield and quality of artificial grassland”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.