Abstract
Abstract No effective preemergence or postemergence herbicides are currently available to use on sugar beets for managing kochia and Palmer amaranth that are resistant to glyphosate and acetolactate synthase. To evaluate a new herbicide option, field experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of a preemergence application of metamitron to sugar beet crops. Studies were carried out in Lingle, Wyoming, and Scottsbluff, Nebraska, in 2019. Studies were repeated in 2020 at the Scottsbluff location, and two locations in Oregon, Nyssa and Ontario. Cycloate (4.03 kg ai ha −1 ), ethofumesate (1.58 kg ai ha −1 ), metamitron (2.82, 5.63, and 7 kg ai ha −1 ), and metamitron + ethofumesate (5.63 + 1.58 kg ai ha −1 ) were applied preemergence. Metamitron (5.63 kg ai ha −1 ) + ethofumesate (1.58 kg ai ha −1 ) was applied preemergence followed by (fb) ethofumesate (1.58 kg ai ha −1 ) or acetochlor (1.26 kg ai ha −1 ) applied at the 2 to 4 true-leaf (TL) stage of sugar beet, ethofumesate or acetochlor at the 2 to 4 TL and 6 to 8 TL stages, and ethofumesate fb acetochlor at the 2 to 4 TL and 6 to 8 TL stages, respectively. A nontreated control and weed-free check (glyphosate applied at 2 to 4 TL and 6 to 8 TL stages of sugar beet) were included for treatment comparison. Ethofumesate applied alone preemergence provided ≤65% control of Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed relative to ≥95% control when metamitron (5.63 kg ai ha −1 ) was applied as a tank mixture partner. Any treatment containing metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1 ) provided ≥80% control of common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and Palmer amaranth, but not kochia. When kochia was not present, any herbicide combination that contained metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1 ) provided similar sugar beet root yield and recoverable sugar as glyphosate-based treatments. Based on the findings of this research, metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1 ) applied preemergence will control Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed until other herbicides, such as those that inhibit very-long-chain fatty acids, can be applied at the 2 TL stage of sugar beet.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Ethofumesate applied alone preemergence gave lower weed control than metamitron tank-mixed with it.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Ethofumesate applied alone preemergencee1
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe1weed
- Second interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume1weed - Outcome
- control of Palmer amaranthe1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- ≤65%e1
- Qualifier
- redroot pigweede1
- Comparator
- metamitron (5.63 kg ai ha −1)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of preemergence-applied metamitron to sugar beet in the western United States”
e1“Ethofumesate applied alone preemergence provided ≤65% control of Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed relative to ≥95% control when metamitron (5.63 kg ai ha −1) was applied as a tank mixture partner”
Claim · model-written summary
Metamitron at 5.63 kg ai ha −1 or more gave at least 80% control of common lambsquarters and Palmer amaranth.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1)e2
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume2weed
- Second interactor
- Palmer amaranthe2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- providede2
- Value
- ≥80%e2
- Qualifier
- redroot pigweede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of preemergence-applied metamitron to sugar beet in the western United States”
e2“Any treatment containing metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1) provided ≥80% control of common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and Palmer amaranth, but not kochia”
Claim · model-written summary
Metamitron at 5.63 kg ai ha −1 or more did not control kochia.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1)e2
- Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- note2
BassiaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of preemergence-applied metamitron to sugar beet in the western United States”
e2“Any treatment containing metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1) provided ≥80% control of common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and Palmer amaranth, but not kochia”
Claim · model-written summary
Where kochia was absent, metamitron-containing herbicide combinations gave similar sugar beet root yield and recoverable sugar to glyphosate-based treatments.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- herbicide combination that contained metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1)e3
- Outcome
- sugar beet root yield and recoverable sugare3
- Direction
- similare3
- Qualifier
- When kochia was not presente3
- Comparator
- glyphosate-based treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of preemergence-applied metamitron to sugar beet in the western United States”
e3“When kochia was not present, any herbicide combination that contained metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1) provided similar sugar beet root yield and recoverable sugar as glyphosate-based treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Metamitron at 5.63 kg ai ha −1 or more applied preemergence is recommended to control Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed until later herbicides can be applied.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1) applied preemergencee4
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Efficacy of preemergence-applied metamitron to sugar beet in the western United States”
e4“metamitron (≥5.63 kg ai ha −1) applied preemergence will control Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed”
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See all 54 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.