Abstract
AbstractMicronutrient management plays a crucial role in enhancing wheat productivity and soil fertility. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) application on wheat growth, yield, nutrient uptake, and post-harvest soil fertility. The experiment included different Zn and B application methods, with a focus on foliar and soil applications. Among the treatments, the combined foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) recorded the highest plant height, advanced flowering (67.4 d), and earliest physiological maturity (112.63 d), indicating improved vegetative growth and crop development. The highest grain (44.57 q/ha) and straw yield (58.4 q/ha) were observed in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%), followed by soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha). Enhanced nutrient uptake in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) resulted in the highest Zn (38.27 mg/kg in grain, 26.47 mg/kg in straw) and B (8.30 mg/kg in grain, 5.33 mg/kg in straw) concentrations. Post-harvest soil analysis revealed that residual Zn (1.47 mg/kg) and B (1.08 mg/kg) were highest in soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha), suggesting a stronger residual effect through soil application. Correlation analysis confirmed a significant positive relationship between Zn and B uptake and yield components, emphasizing their essential role in wheat productivity. The results suggest that an integrated Zn and B fertilization strategy, particularly combining soil and foliar applications, can enhance wheat growth, improve yield, and sustain soil fertility. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing micronutrient management in wheat cultivation to ensure long-term productivity and soil health.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar Zn and B produced the highest wheat plant height.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) recorded the highest plant height”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar Zn and B advanced wheat flowering to 67.4 days.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e1
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- advancede0
- Value
- 67.4 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“advanced flowering (67.4 d)”
e1“combined foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar Zn and B produced earliest physiological maturity at 112.63 days.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e1
- Outcome
- physiological maturitye0
- Direction
- earlieste0
- Value
- 112.63 de0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“earliest physiological maturity (112.63 d)”
e1“combined foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn and B gave the highest wheat grain yield, 44.57 q/ha.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 44.57 q/hae0
- Comparator
- soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain (44.57 q/ha) and straw yield (58.4 q/ha) were observed in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%), followed by soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn and B gave the highest wheat straw yield, 58.4 q/ha.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 58.4 q/hae0
- Comparator
- soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest grain (44.57 q/ha) and straw yield (58.4 q/ha) were observed in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%), followed by soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn and B produced the highest grain Zn concentration, 38.27 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 38.27 mg/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced nutrient uptake in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) resulted in the highest Zn (38.27 mg/kg in grain, 26.47 mg/kg in straw) and B (8.30 mg/kg in grain, 5.33 mg/kg in straw) concentrations”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn and B produced the highest straw Zn concentration, 26.47 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 26.47 mg/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced nutrient uptake in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) resulted in the highest Zn (38.27 mg/kg in grain, 26.47 mg/kg in straw) and B (8.30 mg/kg in grain, 5.33 mg/kg in straw) concentrations”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn and B produced the highest grain B concentration, 8.30 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- graine0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.30 mg/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced nutrient uptake in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) resulted in the highest Zn (38.27 mg/kg in grain, 26.47 mg/kg in straw) and B (8.30 mg/kg in grain, 5.33 mg/kg in straw) concentrations”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Zn and B produced the highest straw B concentration, 5.33 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%)e0
- Outcome
- concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5.33 mg/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced nutrient uptake in foliar application of Zn (0.5%) and B (0.2%) resulted in the highest Zn (38.27 mg/kg in grain, 26.47 mg/kg in straw) and B (8.30 mg/kg in grain, 5.33 mg/kg in straw) concentrations”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil Zn and B application left the highest residual soil Zn, 1.47 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)e0
- Outcome
- residual Zne0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.47 mg/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“residual Zn (1.47 mg/kg) and B (1.08 mg/kg) were highest in soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil Zn and B application left the highest residual soil B, 1.08 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)e0
- Outcome
- residual Zn (1.47 mg/kg) and Be0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.08 mg/kge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“residual Zn (1.47 mg/kg) and B (1.08 mg/kg) were highest in soil application of Zn (25 kg/ha) and B (2 kg/ha)”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn and B uptake were significantly positively related to yield components.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Zn and Be0
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant positive relationship between Zn and B uptake and yield components”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend integrating soil and foliar Zn and B fertilization to improve growth, yield and soil fertility.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- integrated Zn and B fertilization strategye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an integrated Zn and B fertilization strategy, particularly combining soil and foliar applications, can enhance wheat growth, improve yield, and sustain soil fertility”
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