Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cylindrocladium black rot of peanut is caused by the fungus Calonectria ilicicola (anamorph: Cylindrocladium parasiticum). This quarantined plants pathogen, causes this diseasethat threatens the healthy production of peanuts. The objective of this study was to screen andexplore the extracts of biocontrol bacteria against C. ilicicola. RESULTS: A bacterial strain XYDY-1 was isolated from saline-alkali soil samples collected near peanut plants and identified as Bacillus velezensis based on morphological characteristics, 16S rDNA, and gyrB sequence analyses. The bacterial suspension of XYDY-1 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of eight pathogenic fungi, including C. ilicicola, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium pseudograminearum, F. oxysporum, F. neocosmosporiellum, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solanikühn, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Extracellular enzyme assays revealed that XYDY-1 possessed protease, cellulase, amylase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase activities. Furthermore, genomic analysis confirmed the presence of genes srfAD, fenB, ituA, and bmyA, which encode surfactin, fengycin, iturin, and bacillomycin D, respectively, all of which contribute to the inhibition of hyphal growth. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QE Orbitrap MS/MS) analysis detected antifungal compounds in B. velezensis metabolites, including 8-hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Validamycin A, chloramphenicol palmitate, pyocyanin, and Surfactin C. 8-Hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Surfactin C and Validamycin A exhibited significant antifungal activity in assays conducted with pure compounds. Of these, 8-hydroxyquinoline at a concentration of 10 mg/mL displayed the highest efficacy, yielding an inhibition rate of 98.31%. Additionally, greenhouse pot experiments demonstrated that the culture filtrate of XYDY-1 significantly promoted peanut plant growth, increasing fresh and dry biomass by 39.02% and 39.09%, respectively, compared to control treatments with culture medium alone. Moreover, the culture filtrate enhanced peanut resistance to C. ilicicola, achieving a biocontrol efficacy exceeding 56.41%. CONCLUSION: B. velezensis XYDY-1, a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium, was able to protect peanuts from C. ilicicola infection and is a promising biocontrol agent.It can provide scientific basis for the development of new biological control pesticides, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial suspension of XYDY-1 significantly inhibited the growth of eight pathogenic fungi, including C. ilicicola.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- The bacterial suspension of XYDY-1e1
- Interactor
- pathogenic fungie1pathogen
- Second interactor
- XYDY-1e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth of eight pathogenic fungie1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e1“The bacterial suspension of XYDY-1 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of eight pathogenic fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
XYDY-1 possessed protease, cellulase, amylase, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activities.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- protease, cellulase, amylase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase activitiese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e2“Extracellular enzyme assays revealed that XYDY-1 possessed protease, cellulase, amylase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Genomic analysis confirmed the presence of genes srfAD, fenB, ituA and bmyA in XYDY-1.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Gene
- srfAD, fenB, ituA, and bmyAe3
- Outcome
- presence of genese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e3“genomic analysis confirmed the presence of genes srfAD, fenB, ituA, and bmyA, which encode surfactin, fengycin, iturin, and bacillomycin D”
Claim · model-written summary
The genes srfAD, fenB, ituA and bmyA contribute to the inhibition of hyphal growth.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Gene
- srfAD, fenB, ituA, and bmyAe3
- Outcome
- inhibition of hyphal growthe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e3“genomic analysis confirmed the presence of genes srfAD, fenB, ituA, and bmyA, which encode surfactin, fengycin, iturin, and bacillomycin D”
e4“all of which contribute to the inhibition of hyphal growth”
Claim · model-written summary
UPLC-QE Orbitrap MS/MS detected antifungal compounds in B. velezensis metabolites, including 8-hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Validamycin A, chloramphenicol palmitate, pyocyanin and Surfactin C.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- antifungal compounds in B. velezensis metabolitese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e5“detected antifungal compounds in B. velezensis metabolites, including 8-hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Validamycin A, chloramphenicol palmitate, pyocyanin, and Surfactin C”
Claim · model-written summary
8-Hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Surfactin C and Validamycin A showed significant antifungal activity in assays with pure compounds.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Compound
- 8-Hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Surfactin C and Validamycin Ae6
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e6“8-Hydroxyquinoline, tunicamycin, Surfactin C and Validamycin A exhibited significant antifungal activity in assays conducted with pure compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
8-Hydroxyquinoline at 10 mg/mL gave the highest inhibition rate, 98.31%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Compound
- 8-hydroxyquinolinee7
- Outcome
- inhibition ratee7
- Value
- 98.31%e7
- Qualifier
- at a concentration of 10 mg/mLe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“peanut Cylindrocladium black rot”
e7“Of these, 8-hydroxyquinoline at a concentration of 10 mg/mL displayed the highest efficacy, yielding an inhibition rate of 98.31%”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate of XYDY-1 increased fresh biomass of greenhouse-grown peanut plants by 39.02%, compared with culture medium alone.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae7
- Treatment
- culture filtrate of XYDY-1e7
- Interactor
- XYDY-1e7symbiont
- Outcome
- fresh and dry biomasse7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Value
- 39.02%e7
- Qualifier
- freshe7
- Comparator
- control treatments with culture medium alonee7
- Setting
- greenhouse pot experimentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“greenhouse pot experiments demonstrated that the culture filtrate of XYDY-1 significantly promoted peanut plant growth, increasing fresh and dry biomass by 39.02% and 39.09%, respectively, compared to control treatments with culture medium alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate of XYDY-1 increased dry biomass of greenhouse-grown peanut plants by 39.09%, compared with culture medium alone.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae7
- Treatment
- culture filtrate of XYDY-1e7
- Interactor
- XYDY-1e7symbiont
- Outcome
- fresh and dry biomasse7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Value
- 39.09%e7
- Qualifier
- drye7
- Comparator
- control treatments with culture medium alonee7
- Setting
- greenhouse pot experimentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“greenhouse pot experiments demonstrated that the culture filtrate of XYDY-1 significantly promoted peanut plant growth, increasing fresh and dry biomass by 39.02% and 39.09%, respectively, compared to control treatments with culture medium alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Culture filtrate enhanced peanut resistance to C. ilicicola, with biocontrol efficacy exceeding 56.41%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae7
- Treatment
- culture filtratee7
- Interactor
- C. ilicicolae7pathogen
- Outcome
- biocontrol efficacye7
- Direction
- enhancede7
- Value
- 56.41%e7
- Qualifier
- exceedinge7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Moreover, the culture filtrate enhanced peanut resistance to C. ilicicola, achieving a biocontrol efficacy exceeding 56.41%”
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pathogen product · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.